Mustafa Rashaid Ali, Rather Shabir Ahmad, Kousar Rukhsana, Ashraf Mohammad Vikas, Shah Ali Asghar, Ahmad Shoeb, Khan M A Hannan
Biochemical and Molecular Parasitology Lab, Department of Zoology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir India.
Microbial Biotechnology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir India.
J Parasit Dis. 2024 Dec;48(4):736-761. doi: 10.1007/s12639-024-01697-9. Epub 2024 Jul 10.
The people of Jammu and Kashmir rely heavily on fish as a source of nutritional protein. Fishes also contribute significantly to the local economy of this area. However, several infectious disorders, some of which are brought on by helminth parasites, constitute a persistent threat to fish. The primary goal of the present review is to find out the parasites in common fishes found in Jammu and Kashmir as well as the impact of parasites on fishes and sickness on human health. Like other animals, fishes are susceptible to several diseases, many of which are external in origin while others are internal in origin. Fishes are known to be susceptible to parasites, fungi, bacteria, viruses, and other external agents that can cause disease, and they also commonly experience organic and degenerative problems internally. Fish parasites have significant impact on both fish and human health. These diverse organisms, including protozoa, helminths, and crustaceans, can infest various fish tissues, leading to detrimental effects. Infested fish often experience reduced growth, weakened immune system, behavioral changes, physical damage, and even mortality. Economically, fish parasites can diminish the value of fish in markets and increase production costs in fisheries and aquaculture. Moreover, fish parasites pose potential human health risks. Consumers who ingest raw or undercooked fish containing certain parasites, like spp., may develop gastrointestinal discomfort or anisakiasis. Proper cooking and freezing can mitigate this risk. While fish parasites are primarily harmful, they also play ecological roles, contributing to biodiversity and ecosystem stability by controlling fish populations. Understanding the complex interactions between parasites, fish, and their environment is vital for effective fisheries management, aquaculture practices, and public health measures. Striking a balance between controlling parasite infestation and maintaining ecological integrity is crucial for sustaining both fish populations and human well-being.
查谟和克什米尔地区的人们严重依赖鱼类作为营养蛋白质的来源。鱼类对该地区的地方经济也有重大贡献。然而，几种传染性疾病，其中一些是由蠕虫寄生虫引起的，对鱼类构成了持续威胁。本综述的主要目的是找出查谟和克什米尔常见鱼类中的寄生虫，以及寄生虫对鱼类的影响和疾病对人类健康的影响。与其他动物一样，鱼类易患多种疾病，其中许多疾病起源于外部，而其他疾病起源于内部。已知鱼类易受寄生虫、真菌、细菌、病毒和其他可导致疾病的外部因素影响，它们内部也经常出现器质性和退行性问题。鱼类寄生虫对鱼类和人类健康都有重大影响。这些不同的生物，包括原生动物、蠕虫和甲壳类动物，可感染各种鱼类组织，导致有害影响。受感染的鱼类通常生长减缓、免疫系统减弱、行为改变、身体受损，甚至死亡。在经济方面，鱼类寄生虫会降低市场上鱼类的价值，并增加渔业和水产养殖的生产成本。此外，鱼类寄生虫还会带来潜在的人类健康风险。摄入含有某些寄生虫（如 spp.）的生鱼或未煮熟鱼的消费者可能会出现胃肠道不适或异尖线虫病。适当烹饪和冷冻可以降低这种风险。虽然鱼类寄生虫主要是有害的，但它们也发挥着生态作用，通过控制鱼类数量促进生物多样性和生态系统稳定。了解寄生虫、鱼类及其环境之间的复杂相互作用对于有效的渔业管理、水产养殖实践和公共卫生措施至关重要。在控制寄生虫感染和维持生态完整性之间取得平衡对于维持鱼类种群和人类福祉至关重要。
