Olivennes Francois, Golombok Susan, Ramogida Chantal, Rust John
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.
Fertil Steril. 2005 Sep;84(3):725-33. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.03.039.
To establish the nature and extent of difficulties in parenting and child development in families with twins conceived by assisted reproduction.
Comparisons were carried out between a representative sample of 344 families with 2- to 5-year-old twins conceived by IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and a matched comparison group of 344 families with singletons from IVF/ICSI. One twin was randomly selected for data analysis to avoid the bias associated with nonindependence of measures.
A general population sample of IVF/ICSI families.
PATIENT(S): Mothers and children.
INTERVENTION(S): Mothers completed a questionnaire booklet.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Standardized measures of the mother's psychological well-being (parenting stress, depression, and quality of marriage) and standardized measures of the child's psychological development (emotional/behavioral problems and cognitive development).
RESULT(S): Mothers of twins showed significantly higher levels of parenting stress and depression than mothers of singletons and were significantly more likely to find parenting difficult and significantly less likely to obtain pleasure from their child. Regarding the children, there was no difference in the level of emotional or behavioral problems between twins and singletons. However, twins showed significantly lower levels of cognitive functioning.
CONCLUSION(S): Greater difficulties in parenting and child development were experienced by IVF/ICSI families with twins than by IVF/ICSI families with singletons.
确定通过辅助生殖技术受孕的双胞胎家庭在养育子女和儿童发育方面困难的性质和程度。
对344个通过体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）孕育的2至5岁双胞胎家庭的代表性样本，与344个通过体外受精/ICSI孕育的单胎家庭的匹配对照组进行比较。随机选择一名双胞胎进行数据分析，以避免与测量非独立性相关的偏差。
体外受精/ICSI家庭的一般人群样本。
母亲和孩子。
母亲们填写一本问卷手册。
母亲心理健康的标准化测量指标（养育压力、抑郁和婚姻质量）以及儿童心理发育的标准化测量指标（情绪/行为问题和认知发展）。
双胞胎的母亲比单胎的母亲表现出显著更高水平的养育压力和抑郁，并且明显更有可能觉得养育困难，而从孩子身上获得快乐的可能性明显更低。关于孩子，双胞胎和单胎在情绪或行为问题水平上没有差异。然而，双胞胎的认知功能水平显著较低。
与通过体外受精/ICSI孕育单胎的家庭相比，通过体外受精/ICSI孕育双胞胎的家庭在养育子女和儿童发育方面面临更大的困难。
