Driver Helen S, McLean Heather, Kumar David V, Farr Nancy, Day Andrew G, Fitzpatrick Michael F
Department of Medicine, Sleep Disorders Laboratory, Richardson House, Rm 20-303, Queen's University, 102 Stuart Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 2V6, Canada.
Sleep. 2005 Apr;28(4):449-56. doi: 10.1093/sleep/28.4.449.
Female hormones, specifically progesterone, that peak in the luteal phase may play a significant role in protecting premenopausal women from sleep-disordered breathing. The influence of female hormones on upper airway resistance during sleep was investigated during the follicular and luteal phases of normal menstrual cycles.
Hospital-based sleep laboratory.
Healthy women with verified ovulatory cycles and without sleep complaints were recruited into the study. Sleep and upper airway resistance data (mean +/- SD) were collected on 2 nights from 11 women (21-49 years of age [28 +/- 9 years], body mass index of 22.8 +/- 3.6 kg/m2), once during the follicular phase (day 6-11) and once in the luteal phase (day 19-23) in random order.
Nasal resistance, standardized to a flow rate of 0.3 L/second, measured using posterior active rhinomanometry immediately prior to the sleep study, did not differ between the 2 phases. The respiratory disturbance index tended to be higher in the follicular phase than in the luteal phase and was above 5 per hour for 3 women in the follicular phase. Upper airway resistance, controlled for flow rate and body position, was calculated for 50 random breaths during wakefulness, stage 1, stage 2, slow-wave, and rapid eye movement sleep. During wake and stage 2 sleep, upper airway resistance was significantly higher in the follicular phase than in the luteal phase, as was the overall upper airway resistance combined for wake and across all sleep stages. Combining data from the 2 nights, compared to wake, upper airway resistance increased in stage 2, slow-wave, and rapid eye movement sleep.
Within the menstrual cycle, upper airway resistance is lower in the luteal compared with the follicular phase.
在黄体期达到峰值的女性激素，尤其是孕酮，可能在保护绝经前女性免受睡眠呼吸紊乱方面发挥重要作用。在正常月经周期的卵泡期和黄体期，研究了女性激素对睡眠期间上气道阻力的影响。
医院睡眠实验室。
招募有正常排卵周期且无睡眠问题的健康女性参与研究。对11名女性（年龄21 - 49岁[28±9岁]，体重指数22.8±3.6kg/m²）在两个晚上收集睡眠和上气道阻力数据（均值±标准差），随机顺序在卵泡期（第6 - 11天）和黄体期（第19 - 23天）各进行一次。
在睡眠研究前立即使用后鼻主动测压法测量的、标准化为0.3L/秒流速的鼻阻力，在两个阶段之间没有差异。呼吸紊乱指数在卵泡期往往高于黄体期，卵泡期有3名女性每小时高于5次。在清醒、1期、2期、慢波和快速眼动睡眠期间，对50次随机呼吸计算了控制流速和体位后的上气道阻力。在清醒和2期睡眠期间，卵泡期的上气道阻力显著高于黄体期，清醒和所有睡眠阶段综合的总体上气道阻力也是如此。将两个晚上的数据合并后，与清醒相比，2期、慢波和快速眼动睡眠中的上气道阻力增加。
在月经周期内，黄体期的上气道阻力低于卵泡期。
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