Yamagata Shinji, Takahashi Yusuke, Kijima Nobuhiko, Maekawa Hiroko, Ono Yutaka, Ando Juko
Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2005 Aug;8(4):300-6. doi: 10.1375/1832427054936790.
We examined whether effortful control (EC), a temperament proposed by Rothbart and Bates (1998), has genetically coherent structure. A self-report measure of EC was administered to 450 Japanese twins (151 males and 299 females, ages 17 to 32 years) including 152 monozygotic and 73 dizygotic pairs. Univariate genetic analysis revealed that AE model fit best for the total EC as well as its subscales. The heritability estimate for total EC was 49%, and the estimates for subscales ranged between 32% and 45%. Multivariate genetic analysis revealed that the subscales of EC were genetically correlated to a high degree and environmentally correlated to a moderate degree. These results suggest that EC has substantial genetic basis and genetically coherent structure, supporting the validity of the construct. The implications to molecular genetic study and study of psychopathology were discussed.
我们研究了由罗斯巴特和贝茨（1998年）提出的一种气质——努力控制（EC）是否具有基因一致性结构。对450名日本双胞胎（151名男性和299名女性，年龄在17至32岁之间）进行了一项关于EC的自我报告测量，其中包括152对同卵双胞胎和73对异卵双胞胎。单变量遗传分析表明，AE模型最适合总EC及其子量表。总EC的遗传度估计为49%，子量表的估计值在32%至45%之间。多变量遗传分析表明，EC的子量表在基因上高度相关，在环境上中度相关。这些结果表明，EC具有坚实的遗传基础和基因一致性结构，支持了该结构的有效性。讨论了其对分子遗传学研究和精神病理学研究的意义。
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