Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan.
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA.
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 5;11(1):3205. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-82781-5.
Using a genetically informative design (about 2000 twin pairs), we investigated the phenotypic and genetic and environmental architecture of a broad construct of conscientiousness (including conscientiousness per se, effortful control, self-control, and grit). These four different measures were substantially correlated; the coefficients ranged from 0.74 (0.72-0.76) to 0.79 (0.76-0.80). Univariate genetic analyses revealed that individual differences in conscientiousness measures were moderately attributable to additive genetic factors, to an extent ranging from 62 (58-65) to 64% (61-67%); we obtained no evidence that shared environmental influences were observed. Multivariate genetic analyses showed that for the four measures used to assess conscientiousness, genetic correlations were stronger than the corresponding non-shared environmental correlations, and that a latent common factor accounted for over 84% of the genetic variance. Our findings suggest that individual differences in the four measures of conscientiousness are not distinguishable at both the phenotypic and behavioural genetic levels, and that the overlap was substantially attributable to genetic factors.
我们采用遗传信息量丰富的设计（约 2000 对双胞胎），研究了责任心的广泛结构（包括责任心本身、努力控制、自我控制和坚毅）的表型、遗传和环境结构。这四个不同的测量指标高度相关，系数范围从 0.74（0.72-0.76）到 0.79（0.76-0.80）。单变量遗传分析显示，责任心测量指标的个体差异与加性遗传因素有中度关联，关联程度从 62%（58-65）到 64%（61-67%）不等；我们没有发现观察到共享环境影响的证据。多变量遗传分析表明，对于用于评估责任心的四个测量指标，遗传相关性强于相应的非共享环境相关性，并且一个潜在的共同因素占遗传方差的 84%以上。我们的研究结果表明，责任心的四个测量指标在表型和行为遗传学水平上没有区别，并且重叠主要归因于遗传因素。
