MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005 Sep 23;54(37):921-3.
To combat an unexpected shortage of influenza vaccine in the fall of 2004, CDC issued guidance to direct available vaccine supplies to persons in designated priority groups (e.g., persons aged >/=65 years, persons with certain health conditions, health-care workers, and close contacts of persons at high risk for complications from influenza). Analyses of influenza vaccination coverage for the 2004-05 influenza season indicated that coverage levels for adults in priority groups nearly reached the levels of previous years, whereas coverage levels among adults not in priority groups were approximately half the levels of the 2003-04 season. These findings suggested that national public health actions to direct available vaccine supply to persons at high risk for complications from influenza during the supply disruption were successful. To assess influenza vaccination coverage among persons aged 50-64 years for the 2004-05 influenza season relative to the 2003-04 season and to estimate the effect of shortages on selected subgroups, the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) analyzed data from a survey of persons enrolled in commercial managed care health plans. This report summarizes the findings of that analysis, which indicated that, although vaccination coverage declined substantially from 2003-04 to 2004-05 among all subgroups in this age range, respondents who were older or who reported poorer health status exhibited smaller relative declines in vaccination coverage between the two seasons.
为应对2004年秋季意外出现的流感疫苗短缺情况,美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)发布了指导意见,将现有的疫苗供应导向指定的优先群体(如年龄≥65岁的人群、患有某些健康状况的人群、医护人员以及流感并发症高危人群的密切接触者)。对2004 - 2005年流感季节流感疫苗接种覆盖率的分析表明,优先群体中成年人的接种覆盖率几乎达到了前几年的水平,而不在优先群体中的成年人的接种覆盖率约为2003 - 2004年季节水平的一半。这些发现表明,在供应中断期间,国家公共卫生行动将现有疫苗供应导向流感并发症高危人群的做法是成功的。为评估2004 - 2005年流感季节50 - 64岁人群相对于2003 - 2004年季节的流感疫苗接种覆盖率,并估计短缺对选定亚组的影响,国家质量保证委员会(NCQA)分析了对参加商业管理式医疗健康计划的人员进行调查的数据。本报告总结了该分析的结果,结果表明,尽管在这个年龄范围内的所有亚组中,接种覆盖率从2003 - 2004年到2004 - 2005年大幅下降,但年龄较大或报告健康状况较差的受访者在两个季节之间接种覆盖率的相对下降幅度较小。