测量的有效性并非易事。
Validity of measures is no simple matter.
作者信息
Sechrest Lee
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
出版信息
Health Serv Res. 2005 Oct;40(5 Pt 2):1584-604. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00443.x.
Abstract
PURPOSE AND METHOD
This article aims to promote a better understanding of the nature of measurement, the special problems posed by measurement in the social sciences, and the inevitable limitations on inferences in science (so that results are not overinterpreted), by using the measurement of blood pressure as an example. As it is necessary to raise questions about the meaning and extent of the validity of something as common as measured blood pressure, even more serious questions are unavoidable in relation to other commonly used measures in social science. The central issue is the validity of the inferences about the construct rather than the validity of the measure per se.
CONCLUSION
It is important to consider the definition and validity of the construct at issue as well as the adequacy of its representation in the measurement instrument. By considering a particular construct within the context of a conceptual model, researchers and clinicians will improve their understanding of the construct's validity as measured.
摘要
目的与方法
本文旨在通过以血压测量为例，促进对测量本质、社会科学中测量所带来的特殊问题以及科学推断中不可避免的局限性（以免对结果过度解读）的更好理解。由于有必要对像测量血压这样常见的事物的有效性的含义和程度提出疑问，那么对于社会科学中其他常用测量方法，更严重的问题就不可避免了。核心问题是关于构念的推断的有效性，而非测量本身的有效性。
结论
重要的是要考虑所讨论构念的定义和有效性，以及其在测量工具中的表征是否充分。通过在概念模型的背景下考虑特定构念，研究人员和临床医生将提高他们对所测量构念有效性的理解。
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