Isidori Aldo, Latini Maurizio, Romanelli Francesco
Division of Andrology, Department of Medical Physiopathology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Viale del Policlinico, 155-00161 Rome, Italy.
Contraception. 2005 Oct;72(4):314-8. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2005.05.007.
Male factor infertility is a general term that describes a situation in which the inability to conceive is associated with an alteration identified in the male partner. This dysfunction may be associated with low sperm concentration (oligozoospermia), poor sperm motility (asthenozoospermia) or abnormal sperm morphology (teratozoospermia); however, generally, a disturbance of all these variables, oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, is mostly frequent in male subfertility. For many andrological disorders, it is not possible to find a reasonable cause and various uncontrolled treatments have been applied to infertile men, often just on an empirical basis. More recently, after the explosive development of modern assisted reproduction techniques (ARTs), feasible with a single spermatozoon [intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)], the treatment of male infertility has received new meaning and andrologists are no longer expected to achieve a quantitative increase in sperm number but are instead asked to improve the fertility potential of the single sperm cell in order to achieve better results in both in vitro fertilization and ICSI. Additional prospective studies are needed to better understand the possible role of therapy in ART candidate patients.
男性因素不育是一个通用术语，用于描述受孕能力的缺失与男性伴侣身上发现的某种改变相关的情况。这种功能障碍可能与精子浓度低（少精子症）、精子活力差（弱精子症）或精子形态异常（畸形精子症）有关；然而，一般来说，在男性生育力低下的情况中，所有这些变量的紊乱，即少弱畸形精子症最为常见。对于许多男科疾病，无法找到合理的病因，并且已经对不育男性应用了各种未经控制的治疗方法，通常只是基于经验。最近，在现代辅助生殖技术（ARTs）爆发式发展之后，利用单个精子即可实现（胞浆内单精子注射[ICSI]），男性不育的治疗有了新的意义，男科医生不再期望精子数量实现定量增加，而是被要求提高单个精子细胞的生育潜力，以便在体外受精和ICSI中都能取得更好的结果。需要更多的前瞻性研究来更好地了解治疗在ART候选患者中的可能作用。
