Morton R Hugh
Institute for Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
J Sports Sci. 2005 May;23(5):549-57. doi: 10.1080/02640410410001729937.
The basic anatomy of an experimental design is used as an expository introduction to the examination of several repeated measures experiments described in recent pages of this and other journals. This examination reveals problematic issues concerning some common design and analysis features of such experimental designs. In particular, the hierarchical structures and/or presence of time trends is highlighted. These issues are discussed in an attempt to assist researchers to recognize such problems, to avoid the associated difficulties in the future, and to exploit the advantages of sound design with appropriate, efficient and informative analysis. While alternate reanalyses of the data of these experiments might reveal the conclusions to be unaffected by such issues, researchers should still be cautious. In retrospect, such occurrences should be seen as fortuitous, not as justification for inefficient or less informative analyses. More importantly, such reanalyses could reveal more enlightening information, and I argue that if a design permits such information to be discovered, then it behoves researchers to perform such analyses and to make such discoveries.
实验设计的基本解剖结构被用作说明性介绍,以检验本期刊及其他期刊近期页面中描述的几个重复测量实验。这种检验揭示了有关此类实验设计的一些常见设计和分析特征的问题。特别是,突出了层次结构和/或时间趋势的存在。讨论这些问题是为了帮助研究人员认识到此类问题,避免未来出现相关困难,并通过适当、高效且信息丰富的分析来利用合理设计的优势。虽然对这些实验数据的替代重新分析可能会表明结论不受此类问题影响,但研究人员仍应谨慎。回想起来,此类情况应被视为偶然,而不是低效或信息较少分析的理由。更重要的是,这种重新分析可能会揭示更具启发性的信息,而且我认为,如果一种设计允许发现此类信息,那么研究人员就有责任进行此类分析并做出此类发现。