Desjardins Anne E, Plattner Ronald D, Stessman Richard J, McCormick Susan P, Millard Mark J
National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, United States Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
Phytochemistry. 2005 Oct;66(20):2474-80. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.08.013. Epub 2005 Sep 29.
Landraces of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) and its wild teosinte relatives (Zea mays spp. parviglumis and mexicana) were surveyed for sensitivity to fumonisin B(1), a phytotoxin produced by the maize pathogen Gibberella moniliformis. Only two of 42 Z. mays samples were highly insensitive to FB(1) (ED(50) = ca. 200 microM). The teosintes and 76% of the maize landraces were moderately or highly sensitive to FB(1) (ED(50) < or = 30 microM), which indicates that FB(1) sensitivity is likely to be an ancestral trait in Z. mays. F(1) generations derived from crosses between FB(1)-sensitive maize inbred B73 and insensitive landraces were significantly less sensitive than B73. Thus, our data indicate that FB(1)-insensitivity is a relatively rare but heritable trait in maize. We also report the sensitivity of maize to other Gibberella toxins - beauvericin, diacetoxyscirpenol, and moniliformin.
对玉米地方品种（玉米 Zea mays ssp. mays）及其野生大刍草近缘种（小颖大刍草 Zea mays spp. parviglumis 和墨西哥类蜀黍 Zea mays spp. mexicana）进行了调查，以检测其对伏马毒素 B(1)的敏感性。伏马毒素 B(1)是玉米病原菌串珠镰刀菌 Gibberella moniliformis 产生的一种植物毒素。在 42 个玉米样品中，只有 2 个对 FB(1)高度不敏感（半数有效剂量 ED(50)约为 200 microM）。大刍草和 76%的玉米地方品种对 FB(1)中度或高度敏感（ED(50)≤30 microM），这表明对 FB(1)的敏感性可能是玉米的一个祖先性状。由对 FB(1)敏感的玉米自交系 B73 与不敏感的地方品种杂交产生的 F(1)代，其敏感性明显低于 B73。因此，我们的数据表明，对 FB(1)不敏感是玉米中一种相对罕见但可遗传的性状。我们还报告了玉米对其他镰刀菌毒素——白僵菌素、二醋酸雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和串珠镰刀菌素的敏感性。
