National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Nat Commun. 2017 Nov 30;8(1):1874. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02063-5.
Maize was domesticated from lowland teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis), but the contribution of highland teosinte (Zea mays ssp. mexicana, hereafter mexicana) to modern maize is not clear. Here, two genomes for Mo17 (a modern maize inbred) and mexicana are assembled using a meta-assembly strategy after sequencing of 10 lines derived from a maize-teosinte cross. Comparative analyses reveal a high level of diversity between Mo17, B73, and mexicana, including three Mb-size structural rearrangements. The maize spontaneous mutation rate is estimated to be 2.17 × 10 ~3.87 × 10 per site per generation with a nonrandom distribution across the genome. A higher deleterious mutation rate is observed in the pericentromeric regions, and might be caused by differences in recombination frequency. Over 10% of the maize genome shows evidence of introgression from the mexicana genome, suggesting that mexicana contributed to maize adaptation and improvement. Our data offer a rich resource for constructing the pan-genome of Zea mays and genetic improvement of modern maize varieties.
玉米由低地墨西哥类蜀黍（Zea mays ssp. parviglumis）驯化而来，但高地墨西哥类蜀黍（Zea mays ssp. mexicana，以下简称 mexicana）对现代玉米的贡献尚不清楚。在这里，我们使用元组装策略对来自玉米-类蜀黍杂交的 10 个系进行测序后，组装了 Mo17（一种现代玉米自交系）和 mexicana 的两个基因组。比较分析揭示了 Mo17、B73 和 mexicana 之间存在高水平的多样性，包括三个 Mb 大小的结构重排。玉米自发突变率估计为每个位点每代 2.17×10 ~3.87×10，在基因组中呈非随机分布。在着丝粒区域观察到更高的有害突变率，这可能是由于重组频率的差异造成的。超过 10%的玉米基因组显示出来自 mexicana 基因组的渐渗证据，表明 mexicana 对玉米的适应和改良做出了贡献。我们的数据为构建 Zea mays 泛基因组和改良现代玉米品种提供了丰富的资源。
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