Devolder K
Ghent University, Centre for Environmental Philosophy and Bioethics, Blandijnberg 2, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
J Med Ethics. 2005 Oct;31(10):582-6. doi: 10.1136/jme.2004.010348.
Preimplantation tissue typing has been proposed as a method for creating a tissue matched child that can serve as a haematopoietic stem cell donor to save its sick sibling in need of a stem cell transplant. Despite recent promising results, many people have expressed their disapproval of this method. This paper addresses the main concerns of these critics: the risk of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for the child to be born; the intention to have a donor child; the limits that should be placed on what may be done to the donor child, and whether the intended recipient can be someone other than a sibling. The author will show that these concerns do not constitute a sufficient ground to forbid people to use this technique to save not only a sibling, but also any other loved one's life. Finally, the author briefly deals with two alternative scenarios: the creation of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched child as an insurance policy, and the banking of HLA matched embryos.
植入前组织配型已被提议作为一种方法,用于孕育一个组织匹配的孩子,该孩子可作为造血干细胞供体,以挽救其需要干细胞移植的患病同胞。尽管最近取得了一些令人鼓舞的成果,但许多人已表达了对这种方法的反对意见。本文探讨了这些批评者的主要担忧:对即将出生的孩子进行植入前基因诊断(PGD)的风险;生育一个供体孩子的意图;对供体孩子所能采取措施的限制,以及预期受体是否可以是同胞以外的其他人。作者将表明,这些担忧并不构成禁止人们使用这项技术来挽救不仅是同胞,而且是任何其他亲人生命的充分理由。最后,作者简要探讨了两种替代方案:将孕育一个人类白细胞抗原(HLA)匹配的孩子作为一种保障措施,以及储存HLA匹配的胚胎。