Zhao Jian-Yi, Becker Heiko C, Ding Hou-Dong, Zhang Yao-Feng, Zhang Dong-Qing, Ecke Wolfgang
Crop Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021 China.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 2005 Sep;32(9):969-78.
A rapeseed population consisted of 282 doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from a cross between a European vality "Sallux" and a Chinese inbred line "Gaoyou" was planted in 4 locations, 2 in Xi'an and Hangzhou, China, and 2 in Goettingen, Germany. Field experiments were carried out to obtain agronomically phenotypic data from above four environments. A linkage map including 125 SSR-markers was constructed and QTL analyses was performed using mixed model approach to detect QTLs showing additive (a), epistasis (aa) as well as their interactions with environments (QE) for three important agronomic traits: plant height, flowering time and maturity. The results demonstrated that each trait was controlled by several QTLs with additive effect and a number of QTLs with epistatic and QE interaction effects. Plant height was controlled by many QTLs (12 loci with a or combined ae, 5 loci with ae). Additive effects were predominant,totally explained 75% of the phenotypic variation and often combined with digenic epistasis. Of 12 main QTLs, 9 showed Gaoyou alleles decreasing plant height. Most of QTLs with QE effects showed ecologically favourable alleles in diverse regions. Five of 7 ae loci showed Gaoyou alleles in Hangzhou and all the ae loci but one had Sollux alleles in two locations of Germany increasing plant height. The digenic epistatic main effect accounted for one third of total additive main effects. In this study,we discovered 7 and 8 loci having significant additive main effects upon flowering time and maturity, respectively. Of them, early flowering and maturity alleles were respectively 6 and 5 derived from Chinese parent Gaoyou. All these QTLs together accounted for around 60% of the phenotypic variation for each trait. Significant ae interactions were detected for flowering time and maturity and parental alleles showed almost evenly dispersal at all environments. Three of 8 main QTLs for maturity were located at similar or identical positions as QTLs for flowering time, which confirmed the close correlation between these two traits. Two QTLs for plant height on linkage groups N14-1 and 19 were located at similar positions as QTL for flowering time and as already known QTLs for oil content. Selection for reduced plant height and early flowering might reduce oil content. Digenic epistatic QTLs both for flowering time and maturity were detected but much less important than QTLs with additive effects.
一个由282个双单倍体（DH）株系组成的油菜群体，这些株系源自欧洲品种“Sallux”与中国自交系“高邮”的杂交后代，该群体在4个地点种植，其中2个在中国西安和杭州，另外2个在德国哥廷根。开展田间试验以获取上述四个环境下的农艺表型数据。构建了包含125个SSR标记的连锁图谱，并采用混合模型方法进行QTL分析，以检测控制三个重要农艺性状（株高、开花时间和成熟度）的QTL，这些QTL表现出加性效应（a）、上位性效应（aa）以及它们与环境的互作效应（QE）。结果表明，每个性状均由多个具有加性效应的QTL以及一些具有上位性和QE互作效应的QTL控制。株高受许多QTL控制（12个具有a或组合ae效应的位点，5个具有ae效应的位点）。加性效应占主导，共解释了75%的表型变异，且常与双基因上位性效应相结合。在12个主要QTL中，9个显示高邮等位基因降低株高。大多数具有QE效应的QTL在不同区域表现出生态有利等位基因。7个ae位点中的5个在杭州显示高邮等位基因，在德国的两个地点，除一个位点外，所有ae位点均具有Sallux等位基因，这些等位基因增加株高。双基因上位性主效应占总加性主效应的三分之一。在本研究中，我们分别发现了7个和8个对开花时间和成熟度具有显著加性主效应的位点。其中，早花和早熟等位基因分别有6个和5个源自中国亲本高邮。所有这些QTL共同解释了每个性状约60%的表型变异。检测到开花时间和成熟度存在显著的ae互作，亲本等位基因在所有环境中几乎均匀分布。8个主要成熟度QTL中的3个与开花时间QTL位于相似或相同位置，这证实了这两个性状之间的紧密相关性。连锁群N14 - 1和19上的两个株高QTL与开花时间QTL以及已知的含油量QTL位于相似位置。选择降低株高和早花可能会降低含油量。检测到开花时间和成熟度的双基因上位性QTL，但比具有加性效应的QTL重要性低得多。
