Griffiths R D, Bongers T
Division of Metabolic and Cellular Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Whiston Hospital, Merseyside, UK.
Postgrad Med J. 2005 Oct;81(960):629-36. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.2005.033399.
Enteral nutrition (EN) is the mainstay of nutrition delivery within intensive care seeking to capitalise on its benefits for the gastrointestinal tract and associated immune system, but this has brought new challenges in delivery to the sick. The hoped for benefit has led to the mistaken belief by some that parenteral nutrition (PN) is no longer required. However, a greater appreciation of the risks of EN delivery in the sick patient combined with improvements in PN formulation and use help explain why PN is not as risky as some have believed. Real outcome benefits have been described with the new glutamine containing PN formulations. PN remains important in the presence of gastrointestinal feed intolerance or failure.
肠内营养（EN）是重症监护中营养供给的主要方式，旨在利用其对胃肠道及相关免疫系统的益处，但这给向患者提供营养带来了新挑战。人们期望的益处导致一些人错误地认为不再需要肠外营养（PN）。然而，对重症患者进行肠内营养供给风险的进一步认识，再加上肠外营养配方和使用方面的改进，有助于解释为何肠外营养并不像一些人认为的那样危险。新型含谷氨酰胺的肠外营养配方已被描述具有实际的疗效益处。在存在胃肠道喂养不耐受或衰竭的情况下，肠外营养仍然很重要。
