Ulrich Kai-Uwe, Paul Lothar, Meybohm Andreas
Okologische Station Neunzehnhain, Technical University of Dresden, Neunzehnhainer Strasse 14, 09514 Lengefeld, Germany.
Environ Pollut. 2006 May;141(1):42-53. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.08.026. Epub 2005 Oct 6.
This study evaluates chemical trends of seven acidified reservoirs and 22 tributaries in the Erzgebirge from 1993 to 2003. About 85% of these waters showed significantly (p < 0.05) declining concentrations of protons (-69%), nitrate (-41%), sulfate (-27%), and reactive aluminum (-50% on average). This reversal is attributed to the intense reduction of industrial SO2 and NOx emissions from formerly high levels, which declined by 99% and 82% in the German-Czech border region between 1993 and 1999. The deposition rates of protons and sulfur decreased by 70-90%. Since 1993, the dry deposition of total inorganic nitrogen diminished to a minor degree, but the wet deposition remained unchanged. The surface waters reflect a substantial decrease in Al exchange processes, a release of sulfur previously stored in soils, and an uptake of nitrate by forest vegetation. The latter effect may be supported by soil protection liming which contributed to the chemical reversal in almost 20% of the study waters.
本研究评估了1993年至2003年期间厄尔士山脉7个酸化水库和22条支流的化学变化趋势。这些水体中约85%的质子（-69%）、硝酸盐（-41%）、硫酸盐（-27%）和活性铝（平均-50%）浓度显著下降（p < 0.05）。这种逆转归因于工业二氧化硫和氮氧化物排放量从先前的高水平大幅减少，1993年至1999年期间，德国-捷克边境地区的排放量分别下降了99%和82%。质子和硫的沉降率下降了70-90%。自1993年以来，总无机氮的干沉降略有减少，但湿沉降保持不变。地表水反映出铝交换过程大幅减少、先前储存在土壤中的硫释放以及森林植被对硝酸盐的吸收。后一种效应可能得到土壤保护石灰处理的支持，这在近20%的研究水体中促成了化学逆转。
