Honeyman Margo
Autoimmunity and Transplantation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville 3050 Victoria, Australia.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2005 Dec;17(6):616-23. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2005.09.007. Epub 2005 Oct 10.
Viruses associated with type 1 diabetes have eluded definition as causal, with the exception of rubella virus. False-negative results may have occurred due to the focus on subjects at symptomatic onset, who may be heterogeneous and differently affected by viruses. In addition, assays have not always been sufficiently sensitive to deal with transient infections, and pancreatic tissue is scarce. Longitudinal studies of at-risk subjects and more sensitive DNA techniques now reveal that at initiation of islet autoimmunity, enteroviruses have only a small role, but are more likely to be important at symptomatic onset. Rotaviruses remain associated with initiation of islet autoimmunity, and generate strong T cell responses in the young.
除风疹病毒外，与1型糖尿病相关的病毒一直难以被定义为病因。由于研究重点是症状发作时的受试者，而这些受试者可能具有异质性且受病毒影响程度不同，可能出现了假阴性结果。此外，检测方法并不总是足够灵敏以应对短暂感染，且胰腺组织稀缺。对高危受试者的纵向研究以及更灵敏的DNA技术现在表明，在胰岛自身免疫开始时，肠道病毒作用较小，但在症状发作时更可能起重要作用。轮状病毒仍与胰岛自身免疫的起始相关，并在幼儿中产生强烈的T细胞反应。
