Hayakawa Tatsuro, Uchiyama Makoto, Kamei Yuichi, Shibui Kayo, Tagaya Hirokuni, Asada Takashi, Okawa Masako, Urata Jujiro, Takahashi Kiyohisa
Department of Psychiatry, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kohnodai, Ichikawa, Japan.
Sleep. 2005 Aug 1;28(8):945-52. doi: 10.1093/sleep/28.8.945.
The objective of this study was to clarify the clinical features of sighted patients with non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome.
Clinical analyses of consecutive patients suffering from non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome.
The sleep disorders clinic at Kohnodai Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan.
Fifty-seven patients who were diagnosed consecutively as having non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome between 1991 and 2001 were included in the study.
The clinical features and sleep characteristics of the patients were analyzed. A semistructured psychiatric interview that included the criteria for Axis I or II disorders of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition-Revised was conducted, and relationships between psychiatric problems and non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome were analyzed. The patient cohort included 41 (72%) men and 16 (28%) women. The onset of non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome had occurred during the teenage years in 63% of the cohort, and the mean ( +/-SD) period of the sleep-wake cycle was 24.9 +/- 0.4 hours (range 24.4-26.5 hours). The mean sleep length of the patients was 9.3 +/- 1.3 hours, and 44% of them had a sleep length of between 9 and 10 hours. Psychiatric disorders had preceded the onset of non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome in 16 patients (28%); of the remaining 41 patients, 14 (34%) developed major depression after the onset of non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome.
These results represent the first detailed clinical review of a relatively large number of sighted patients with non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome.
本研究的目的是阐明视力正常的非24小时睡眠-觉醒综合征患者的临床特征。
对连续患有非24小时睡眠-觉醒综合征的患者进行临床分析。
日本国立神经精神中心小田代医院睡眠障碍门诊。
1991年至2001年间连续被诊断为患有非24小时睡眠-觉醒综合征的57例患者纳入本研究。
分析患者的临床特征和睡眠特点。进行了一项半结构化精神科访谈，其中包括《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本中轴I或轴II障碍的标准，并分析了精神问题与非24小时睡眠-觉醒综合征之间的关系。患者队列包括41名（72%）男性和16名（28%）女性。63%的队列患者在青少年时期出现非24小时睡眠-觉醒综合征，睡眠-觉醒周期的平均（±标准差）时长为24.9±0.4小时（范围24.4 - 26.5小时）。患者的平均睡眠时间为9.3±1.3小时，其中44%的患者睡眠时间在9至10小时之间。16例患者（28%）在非24小时睡眠-觉醒综合征发病前存在精神障碍；在其余41例患者中，14例（34%）在非24小时睡眠-觉醒综合征发病后出现重度抑郁。
这些结果代表了对相对大量视力正常的非24小时睡眠-觉醒综合征患者的首次详细临床综述。
