Kebede Asnakew, McCann James C, Kiszewski Anthony E, Ye-Ebiyo Yemane
Ethiopian Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005 Oct;73(4):676-80.
Although maize pollen is known to provide nutrition for larval anopheline mosquitoes, the epidemiologic relationship between maize agriculture and malaria transmission has never been defined. To determine whether recent changes in malaria transmission in Ethiopia might be linked to the spread of maize as a commercial crop, we compared malaria transmission and maize cultivation intensity in 21 villages in the Bure District of northwestern Ethiopia where maize cultivation has recently expanded. The cumulative incidence in high maize cultivation areas was 9.5 times higher than in areas with less maize. A chi-square goodness-of-fit test results showed that malaria cases were not distributed evenly among categories of maize cultivation intensity, (chi2 = 1,578, P < 0.001). A Poisson regression suggested that the intensity of maize cultivation, controlled for differences in elevation between sites, was positively and significantly correlated with malaria incidence. Thus, the intensity of maize cultivation was associated with exacerbated human risk of malaria in Bure.
虽然已知玉米花粉可为按蚊幼虫提供营养，但玉米种植与疟疾传播之间的流行病学关系尚未明确。为了确定埃塞俄比亚近期疟疾传播的变化是否可能与作为经济作物的玉米种植的扩张有关，我们比较了埃塞俄比亚西北部布尔区21个村庄的疟疾传播情况和玉米种植强度，这些村庄的玉米种植近期有所扩大。玉米种植密集地区的累计发病率比玉米种植较少地区高9.5倍。卡方拟合优度检验结果显示，疟疾病例在玉米种植强度类别中分布不均（卡方 = 1578，P < 0.001）。泊松回归分析表明，在控制了不同地点海拔差异的情况下，玉米种植强度与疟疾发病率呈正相关且具有显著相关性。因此，玉米种植强度与布尔地区人类疟疾风险加剧有关。
