Hsieh Jenny, Gage Fred H
Department of Molecular Biology and Cecil H and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2005 Dec;17(6):664-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2005.09.002. Epub 2005 Oct 13.
Neural stem cells generate distinct cell types for tissue formation and cell replacement during development and throughout adulthood. Neural development and plasticity are determined by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors that interface to regulate gene programs for controlling neuronal cell fate and function. Recent reports have shown that chromatin remodeling and epigenetic gene regulation play an important role in such diverse areas as neural cell fate specification and synaptic development and function. These epigenetic mechanisms include cell-type-specific transcriptional regulators, histone modifications and chromatin remodeling enzymes, and the activity of retrotransposons.
神经干细胞在发育过程以及成年期产生不同的细胞类型以形成组织和进行细胞替代。神经发育和可塑性由外在和内在因素共同决定，这些因素相互作用以调节控制神经元细胞命运和功能的基因程序。最近的报告表明，染色质重塑和表观遗传基因调控在神经细胞命运决定、突触发育和功能等多个不同领域发挥着重要作用。这些表观遗传机制包括细胞类型特异性转录调节因子、组蛋白修饰和染色质重塑酶，以及逆转座子的活性。
