Albertsson Per-Ake
Department of Biochemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden,
Photosynth Res. 2003;76(1-3):217-25. doi: 10.1023/A:1024944606930.
The role of photosynthetic pigments in the development of separation methods in biochemistry during the period 1900-1980 is described beginning with M. Tswett who introduced separation of chlorophylls and carotenoids on columns and coined the term chromatography in 1906. In Uppsala, T. Svedberg developed the ultracentrifuge in the 1920s. A. Tiselius improved electrophoresis in the 1930s and developed chromatography of proteins in the 1940s and 1950s. Others of 'The Uppsala school in separation science' include J. Porath, P. Flodin and S. Hjertén who further developed various gel chromatographic methods. Hjertén introduced free zone electrophoresis in narrow tubes, a forerunner of capillary electrophoresis. Two proteins, phycoerythrin and phycocyanin, were used as test substances in all these methodological studies. Aqueous two-phase partitioning as a separation method was introduced in 1956 by the author. In this work, chloroplast particles were used, and the method was applied for the separation and purification of intact chloroplasts, inside-out thylakoid vesicles and plasma membranes. My research was carried out in cooperation with G. Blomquist, G. Johansson, C. Larsson, B. Andersson and H.-E. Akerlund during a 20-year period, 1960-1980.
本文描述了光合色素在1900年至1980年期间生物化学分离方法发展过程中的作用，始于M. 茨维特，他于1906年在柱上实现了叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的分离并创造了“色谱法”这一术语。在乌普萨拉，T. 斯韦德贝里在20世纪20年代开发了超速离心机。A. 蒂塞利乌斯在20世纪30年代改进了电泳技术，并在20世纪40年代和50年代开发了蛋白质色谱法。“乌普萨拉分离科学学派”的其他成员包括J. 波拉特、P. 弗洛丁和S. 赫耶滕，他们进一步发展了各种凝胶色谱法。赫耶滕在细管中引入了自由区电泳，这是毛细管电泳的前身。在所有这些方法学研究中，两种蛋白质，藻红蛋白和藻蓝蛋白被用作测试物质。作者于1956年引入了双水相分配作为一种分离方法。在这项工作中，使用了叶绿体颗粒，该方法被用于完整叶绿体、内外翻转类囊体囊泡和质膜的分离与纯化。我的研究是在1960年至1980年的20年期间与G. 布洛姆奎斯特、G. 约翰松、C. 拉尔松、B. 安德森和H.-E. 阿克伦德合作进行的。
