Azadbakht Leila, Mirmiran Parvin, Shiva Nilufar, Azizi Fereidoun
Endocrine Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2005 Jul;75(4):297-304. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831.75.4.297.
To determine the prevalence and associations of general and central obesity in adults residing in district 13 of Tehran and to examine the associations of obesity with certain factors.
Population-based cross sectional study.
Tehran, the capital of Iran.
A total of 9984 subjects (4164 men and 5820 women) aged 20-70 years.
Demographic data were collected and anthropometric indices including weight, height, and waist and hip circumference were measured, according to standard protocols. Dietary intake was assessed by means of two 24-hour dietary recall forms. To determine the prevalence and association of general and central obesity, the suggested cut-off for Tehranian people, adjusted for their age group, was used. A body mass index (BMI) of > or =24 for men and > or =25 for women was used to determine the characteristic of obesity. Central obesity was determined as a waist-hip ratio (WHR) of > 0.86 for men and WHR > or = 0.78 for women. To determine the associations between general and central obesity and other factors, logistic regression was used.
The means of BMI, waist circumference (WC), and WHR were 25.8 +/- 4.1 kg/m2, 88.3 +/- 11.4 cm, and 0.91 +/- 0.07 in men and 27.3 +/- 5.4 kg/m2, 87.5 +/- 12.9 cm, and 0.83 +/- 0.08 in women, respectively. Obesity and central obesity were higher in women than in men; 67% vs. 29% for obesity and 93% vs. 74.1% for central obesity, respectively. Illiteracy (OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.13-2.41 in men; OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.59-2.21 in women), marriage (OR = 3.84, 95% CI = 3.63-4.29 in men; OR = 3.20, 95% CI = 3.63-4.19 in women), and very low physical activity (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.09-1.53 in men; OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.10-1.76 in women) were factors associated with obesity. The risk of being centrally obese for men in the fourth quartile of legumes intake was lower than men in other quartiles (p < 0.05). Women in the first quartile of dairy consumption had the highest risk of being generally and centrally obese (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.72-2.48 for general obesity and OR = 3.01, 95% CI = 2.36-3.67 for central obesity). The risk of obesity for women in the fourth quartile of energy and saturated fatty acid consumption was higher than for those in the first quartile (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 2.39-3.11 for energy and OR = 1.36, 95% CI= 1.10-1.64 for saturated fatty acids). The risk of being centrally obese was higher for women in the first quartile of protein intake compared with women in the fourth quartile (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.02-2.32).
The results from this national population-based study in Iran show high prevalence of obesity in Tehranian adults. The strong associations between obesity and certain life style factors confirm the necessity of multifactorial intervention.
确定德黑兰第13区成年人中一般肥胖和中心性肥胖的患病率及其关联，并研究肥胖与某些因素之间的关联。
基于人群的横断面研究。
伊朗首都德黑兰。
共9984名年龄在20 - 70岁的受试者（4164名男性和5820名女性）。
根据标准方案收集人口统计学数据，并测量包括体重、身高、腰围和臀围在内的人体测量指标。通过两份24小时饮食回忆表评估饮食摄入量。为确定一般肥胖和中心性肥胖的患病率及其关联，采用了根据德黑兰人群年龄组调整后的建议切点。男性体重指数（BMI）≥24以及女性BMI≥25用于确定肥胖特征。中心性肥胖定义为男性腰臀比（WHR）>0.86，女性WHR≥0.78。为确定一般肥胖和中心性肥胖与其他因素之间的关联，采用了逻辑回归分析。
男性的BMI、腰围（WC）和WHR均值分别为25.8±4.1kg/m²、88.3±11.4cm和0.91±0.07，女性分别为27.3±5.4kg/m²、87.5±12.9cm和0.83±0.08。女性的肥胖和中心性肥胖患病率高于男性；肥胖患病率分别为67%和29%，中心性肥胖患病率分别为93%和74.1%。文盲（男性：OR = 1.65；95%CI = 1.13 - 2.41；女性：OR = 1.87，95%CI = 1.59 - 2.21）、结婚（男性：OR = 3.84，95%CI = 3.63 - 4.29；女性：OR = 3.20，95%CI = 3.63 - 4.19）以及极低的身体活动水平（男性：OR = 1.35，95%CI = 1.09 - 1.53；女性：OR = 1.39，95%CI = 1.10 - 1.76）是与肥胖相关的因素。豆类摄入量处于第四个四分位数的男性中心性肥胖风险低于其他四分位数的男性（p < 0.05）。乳制品消费处于第一个四分位数的女性一般肥胖和中心性肥胖风险最高（一般肥胖：OR = 2.16，95%CI = 1.72 - 2.48；中心性肥胖：OR = 3.01，95%CI = 2.36 - 3.67）。能量和饱和脂肪酸消费处于第四个四分位数的女性肥胖风险高于第一个四分位数的女性（能量：OR = 2.69，95%CI = 2.39 - 3.11；饱和脂肪酸：OR = 1.36，95%CI = 1.10 - 1.64）。蛋白质摄入量处于第一个四分位数的女性中心性肥胖风险高于第四个四分位数的女性（OR = 1.71，95%CI = 1.02 - 2.32）。
这项基于伊朗全国人群的研究结果表明，德黑兰成年人中肥胖患病率很高。肥胖与某些生活方式因素之间的紧密关联证实了多因素干预的必要性。
