Fauci Anthony S, Mavilio Domenico, Kottilil Shyam
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 31, Room 7A04, 31 Center Drive, MSC 2520, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2520, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2005 Nov;5(11):835-43. doi: 10.1038/nri1711.
Natural killer cells are a crucial component of the innate immune response to certain tumours and to various viruses, fungi, parasites and bacteria. HIV has infected more than 60 million people worldwide and has led to more than 23 million deaths. At present, there are approximately 40 million people who are living with HIV infection, and there were 5 million new infections in 2004. As part of the innate immune system, natural killer cells might have an important role in host defence against HIV infection, as well as in the control of HIV replication in vivo. In this regard, it is important to understand how natural killer cells and HIV interact. This Review focuses on the role of natural killer cells in controlling HIV infection and on the impact of HIV and HIV-viraemia-induced immune activation on natural-killer-cell function.
自然杀伤细胞是机体对某些肿瘤以及各种病毒、真菌、寄生虫和细菌的固有免疫反应的重要组成部分。在全球范围内，人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）已感染超过6000万人，并导致超过2300万人死亡。目前，约有4000万人感染了HIV，2004年有500万新发感染病例。作为固有免疫系统的一部分，自然杀伤细胞可能在宿主抵御HIV感染以及体内控制HIV复制方面发挥重要作用。在这方面，了解自然杀伤细胞与HIV如何相互作用至关重要。本综述重点关注自然杀伤细胞在控制HIV感染中的作用，以及HIV和HIV病毒血症诱导的免疫激活对自然杀伤细胞功能的影响。
