Miles Donna R, Silberg Judy L, Pickens Roy W, Eaves Lindon J
Department of Human Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, P.O. Box 980003, 800 East Leigh St., Biotech One, Suite 100, Richmond, Virginia, 23298-0003, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 2005 Jul;66(4):445-51. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2005.66.445.
Both genetic and common environmental influences contribute to twin associations for substance use; however, twin concordance rates may vary by environmental setting, indicating the presence of genetic-environmental interactions. The present study examined whether measures of family adaptability and cohesion may moderate the genetic influence on risk for alcohol use among female adolescents.
We examined such interactions through the application of log-linear models using data from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development, a longitudinal study with extensive home interviews of adolescent (8-17 year old) female twins (386 monozygotic [MZ] pairs, 185 dizygotic [DZ] pairs) and their parents.
Twin concordance for alcohol use varied by average twin/parent reports of parental closeness. Differences between MZ-DZ correlations for alcohol use in families with low parental closeness, for example, were 0.97 and 0.67 (p < .001), respectively, compared with 0.79 and 0.73 (p = .24) for high parental closeness families. In addition, differences in twin concordance regardless of zygosity were found with greater twin similarities for alcohol use in strict families compared with leniently disciplined families, suggesting that the twin association interacts with common environmental influences on alcohol use.
These results indicate that the genetic effects on adolescent alcohol use interact with the measured family environment and that the heritability of alcohol use may vary according to quality of the parental relationship. If confirmed, prevention programs may benefit from this knowledge, tailoring their intervention to quality of parental relationship.
遗传因素和常见环境因素均对物质使用的双胞胎关联有影响；然而，双胞胎的一致率可能因环境背景而异，这表明存在基因 - 环境相互作用。本研究调查了家庭适应性和凝聚力的测量指标是否会调节基因对女性青少年饮酒风险的影响。
我们通过应用对数线性模型来研究这种相互作用，使用的数据来自弗吉尼亚青少年行为发展双胞胎研究，这是一项纵向研究，对青少年（8 - 17岁）女性双胞胎（386对同卵双胞胎[MZ]，185对异卵双胞胎[DZ]）及其父母进行了广泛的家庭访谈。
饮酒的双胞胎一致率因双胞胎/父母对亲子亲密程度的平均报告而异。例如，在亲子亲密程度低的家庭中，同卵双胞胎与异卵双胞胎在饮酒方面的相关性差异分别为0.97和0.67（p <.001），而在亲子亲密程度高的家庭中，这一差异为0.79和0.73（p =.24）。此外，无论合子性如何，在严格家庭中双胞胎在饮酒方面的相似性高于宽松家庭，这表明双胞胎关联与饮酒的常见环境影响相互作用。
这些结果表明，基因对青少年饮酒的影响与所测量的家庭环境相互作用，并且饮酒的遗传度可能因亲子关系质量而异。如果得到证实，预防项目可能会受益于这一知识，根据亲子关系质量调整其干预措施。
