Latzman Robert D, Patrick Christopher J, Freeman Hani J, Schapiro Steven J, Hopkins William D
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University.
Department of Psychology, Florida State University.
Clin Psychol Sci. 2017 Mar;5(2):341-354. doi: 10.1177/2167702616676582. Epub 2017 Feb 8.
The current study undertook analyses of genealogical data from a sample of 178 socially-housed chimpanzees () with well-documented pedigrees, to clarify the etiologic bases of triarchic psychopathy dimensions and the influence of early social rearing experiences. Whereas biometric analyses for the full sample indicated significant heritability for the boldness dimension of psychopathy only, heritability estimates varied by early rearing, with all three triarchic dimensions showing significant heritabilities among mother-reared but not nursery-reared apes. For mother-reared apes, both genes and environment contributed to covariance between meanness and disinhibition, whereas environment contributed mainly to covariation between these dimensions and boldness. Results indicate contributions of both genes and environment to psychopathic tendencies, with an important role for early-rearing in their relative contributions to distinct phenotypic subdimensions. In conjunction with findings from human studies, results provide valuable insights into core biobehavioral processes relevant to psychological illness and health.
当前研究对178只社会圈养的黑猩猩样本的系谱数据进行了分析，这些黑猩猩有着详尽记录的谱系，以阐明三元心理变态维度的病因基础以及早期社会养育经历的影响。虽然对整个样本的生物统计学分析表明，只有心理变态的大胆维度具有显著的遗传力，但遗传力估计因早期养育方式而异，在由母亲抚养而非由保育所抚养的猿类中，三元心理变态的所有三个维度均显示出显著的遗传力。对于由母亲抚养的猿类，基因和环境都对冷酷无情与行为放纵之间的协方差有影响，而环境主要对这些维度与大胆之间的协变有影响。结果表明，基因和环境都对心理变态倾向有影响，早期养育在它们对不同表型子维度的相对贡献中起着重要作用。结合人类研究的结果，这些结果为与心理疾病和健康相关的核心生物行为过程提供了有价值的见解。
