Leonova I N, Dobrovol'skaia O B, Kminskaia L N, Adogina I G, Koren' L V, Khotyleva L V, Salina E A
Genetika. 2005 Sep;41(9):1236-43.
Hexaploid triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) lines were examined using molecular markers and the hybridization in situ technique. Triticale lines were generated based on wheat varieties differing by the Vrn gene systems and the earing times. Molecular analysis was performed using Xgwm and Xrms microsatellite markers with the known chromosomal localization in the common wheat Triticum aestivum, and rye Secale cereale genomes. Comparative molecular analysis of triticale lines and their parental forms showed that all lines contained A and B genomes of common wheat and also rye homeologous chromosomes. In the three lines the presence of D genome markers, mapped to the chromosomes 2D and 7D, was demonstrated. This was probably the consequence of the translocations of homeologous chromosomes from wheat genomes, which took part during the process of triticale formation. The data obtained by use of genomic in situ hybridization supported the data of molecular genetic analysis. In none of the lines wheat--rye translocations or recombinations were observed. These findings suggest that the change of the period between the seedling appearance and earing time in triticale lines compared to the initial wheat lines, resulted from the inhibitory effect of rye genome on wheat vernalization genes.
利用分子标记和原位杂交技术对六倍体小黑麦（×Triticosecale Wittmack）品系进行了检测。小黑麦品系是基于不同Vrn基因系统和抽穗时间的小麦品种培育而成。使用在普通小麦（Triticum aestivum）和黑麦（Secale cereale）基因组中具有已知染色体定位的Xgwm和Xrms微卫星标记进行分子分析。对小黑麦品系及其亲本形式的比较分子分析表明，所有品系都包含普通小麦的A和B基因组以及黑麦的同源染色体。在三个品系中，证明了定位在2D和7D染色体上的D基因组标记的存在。这可能是小黑麦形成过程中同源染色体从小麦基因组发生易位的结果。利用基因组原位杂交获得的数据支持了分子遗传分析的数据。在所有品系中均未观察到小麦 - 黑麦易位或重组。这些发现表明，与初始小麦品系相比，小黑麦品系中出苗至抽穗时间的变化是由于黑麦基因组对小麦春化基因的抑制作用所致。
