Lupandin A I
Izv Akad Nauk Ser Biol. 2005 Sep-Oct(5):558-65.
The effect of flow turbulence on the swimming speed was studied in perch (Perca fluviatilis) with different body length. The critical flow rate was used as an index of fish swimming performance. The longer was the fish, the higher turbulence was required to decrease the critical flow rate. The mechanism of turbulence impact on fish locomotion relies on the vortex structure of the flow. The torque produced by hydrodynamic forces in a vortex favors fish overturn and loss of balance. Such effect of turbulence is observed when the sizes of the vortex and fish body are similar. The fish uses the pectoral fins to restore the balance, which increases their hydraulic resistance and, together with energy expenditure for spatial balance control, decreases the swimming speed.
研究了水流湍流对不同体长河鲈（Perca fluviatilis）游泳速度的影响。临界流速被用作鱼类游泳性能的指标。鱼体越长，降低临界流速所需的湍流程度越高。湍流对鱼类运动的影响机制依赖于水流的涡旋结构。涡旋中流体动力产生的扭矩有利于鱼体翻转和失去平衡。当涡旋大小与鱼体大小相似时，会观察到这种湍流效应。鱼利用胸鳍恢复平衡，这增加了它们的水动力阻力，并且与空间平衡控制的能量消耗一起，降低了游泳速度。
