Verrotti A, Tocco A M, Salladini C, Latini G, Chiarelli F
Department of Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
Eur J Neurol. 2005 Nov;12(11):828-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2005.01085.x.
Photosensitivity is a condition detected on the electroencephalography (EEG) as a paroxysmal reaction to Intermittent Photic Stimulation (IPS). This EEG response, elicited by IPS or by other visual stimuli of daily life, is called Photo Paroxysmal Response (PPR). PPRs are well documented in epileptic and non-epileptic subjects. Photosensitivity rarely in normal individuals evolves into epilepsy. Photosensitive epilepsy is a rare refex epilepsy characterized by seizures in photosensitive individuals. The development of modern technology has increased the exposition to potential seizure precipitants in people of all ages, but especially in children and adolescents. Actually, videogames, computers and televisions are the most common triggers in daily life of susceptible persons. The mechanisms of generation of PPR are poorly understood, but genetic factors play an important rule. The control of visually induced seizures has, generally a good prognosis. In patients known to be visually sensitive, avoidance of obvious source and stimulus modifications are very important and useful to seizure prevention, but in the large majority of patients with epilepsy and photosensitivity antiepileptic drugs are needed.
光敏性是在脑电图（EEG）检查中发现的一种情况，表现为对间歇性光刺激（IPS）的阵发性反应。这种由IPS或日常生活中的其他视觉刺激引发的脑电图反应，被称为光阵发性反应（PPR）。PPR在癫痫患者和非癫痫患者中均有充分记录。正常个体中光敏性很少发展为癫痫。光敏性癫痫是一种罕见的反射性癫痫，其特征是光敏个体出现癫痫发作。现代技术的发展增加了所有年龄段人群，尤其是儿童和青少年接触潜在癫痫发作诱发因素的机会。实际上，电子游戏、电脑和电视是易感人群日常生活中最常见的触发因素。PPR的产生机制尚不清楚，但遗传因素起着重要作用。视觉诱发性癫痫发作的控制，总体预后良好。对于已知对视觉敏感的患者，避免明显的光源并改变刺激对预防癫痫发作非常重要且有用，但在大多数癫痫和光敏性患者中，需要使用抗癫痫药物。
