Reuter Gábor, Vennema Harry, Koopmans Marion, Szücs György
Regional Laboratory of Virology, ANTSZ Baranya County Institute of State Public Health Service, Szabadság ut 7, H-7623 Pécs, Hungary.
J Clin Virol. 2006 Jan;35(1):84-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2005.07.012. Epub 2005 Oct 19.
Noroviruses are common pathogens in gastro-enteritis outbreaks in humans worldwide. Noroviruses are genetically diverse group of viruses with multiple genogroups (GG) and genotypes. More recently, naturally occurring recombinant noroviruses were described. These viruses had a distinct polymerase gene sequence (designated GGIIb/Hilversum) and were disseminated through waterborne and food-borne transmission in Europe.
Our aim was to characterize these emerging recombinant noroviruses causing outbreaks of gastro-enteritis in Hungary.
From January 2001 to May 2004, samples containing "GGIIb/Hilversum polymerase" (GGIIb-pol) were selected for analysis of the viral capsid region (ORF2) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequencing.
Thirty-four (14.4%) of 236 confirmed norovirus outbreaks were caused by the variant lineage with the GGIIb-pol. Four different recombinants were detected with capsids of Hu/NLV/GGII/Mexico/1989 (n=9, 43%), Hu/NLV/GGII/Snow Mountain/1976 (n=6, 28%), Hu/NLV/GGII/Hawaii/1971 (n=4, 19%) and Hu/NLV/GGII/Lordsdale/1993 (n=1, 5%).
In Hungary, emerging recombinant noroviruses became the second most common norovirus variants-next to GGII-4/Lordsdale virus-causing epidemics of gastroenteritis in the last 4 years.
诺如病毒是全球范围内人类胃肠炎暴发中的常见病原体。诺如病毒是一组基因多样的病毒，具有多个基因组（GG）和基因型。最近，发现了自然发生的重组诺如病毒。这些病毒具有独特的聚合酶基因序列（命名为GGIIb/希尔弗瑟姆），并通过水媒和食源传播在欧洲扩散。
我们的目的是对匈牙利出现的这些导致胃肠炎暴发的重组诺如病毒进行特征分析。
从2001年1月至2004年5月，选择含有“GGIIb/希尔弗瑟姆聚合酶”（GGIIb-pol）的样本，通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和测序分析病毒衣壳区域（ORF2）。
236起确诊的诺如病毒暴发中，有34起（14.4%）是由带有GGIIb-pol的变异谱系引起的。检测到四种不同的重组体，其衣壳分别为Hu/NLV/GGII/墨西哥/1989（n = 9，43%）、Hu/NLV/GGII/雪山/1976（n = 6，28%）、Hu/NLV/GGII/夏威夷/1971（n = 4，19%）和Hu/NLV/GGII/洛兹代尔/1993（n = 1，5%）。
在匈牙利，最近4年中，新出现的重组诺如病毒成为仅次于GGII-4/洛兹代尔病毒的第二常见诺如病毒变异株，可引起胃肠炎流行。
