Reuter Gábor, Krisztalovics Katalin, Vennema Harry, Koopmans Marion, Szucs György
Regional Laboratory of Virology, ANTSZ Baranya County Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary.
J Med Virol. 2005 Aug;76(4):598-607. doi: 10.1002/jmv.20403.
Between January 2001 and December 2003, stool specimens from 262 (45%) of 581 reported outbreaks of gastroenteritis were investigated for noroviruses in Hungary. Specimens collected from outbreaks of non-bacterial gastroenteritis were examined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme immunoassay. In 253 (97%) of 262 outbreaks, norovirus was detected and confirmed by sequencing in 211 (81%). Hospitals (35%), day care centers (30%), and elderly homes (27%) were the most common settings. Diversity and frequency of the genotypes changed over time but with predominance (95%) of genogroup (GG) II strains. Strains grouped into 11 genotypes including an epidemic spread of new-variant GGII4 (Lordsdale virus) and a recently emerged group of natural recombinant strains (GGIIb/Hilversum polymerase) with four capsid types (Hawaii, Mexico, Snow Mountain, and Lordsdale). Clusters of epidemics including food-borne outbreaks were detected. According to this study, noroviruses are the predominant etiological agents causing gastroenteritis outbreaks in Hungary.
2001年1月至2003年12月期间，匈牙利对581起报告的肠胃炎暴发事件中的262起（45%）采集的粪便标本进行了诺如病毒调查。从非细菌性肠胃炎暴发事件中采集的标本通过逆转录聚合酶链反应和酶免疫测定法进行检测。在262起暴发事件中的253起（97%）检测到诺如病毒，其中211起（81%）通过测序得到确认。医院（35%）、日托中心（30%）和养老院（27%）是最常见的场所。基因型的多样性和频率随时间变化，但基因群（GG）II型毒株占主导地位（95%）。毒株分为11种基因型，包括新变异的GGII4（洛兹代尔病毒）的流行传播以及最近出现的一组具有四种衣壳类型（夏威夷、墨西哥、雪山和洛兹代尔）的天然重组毒株（GGIIb/希尔弗瑟姆聚合酶）。检测到包括食源性暴发在内的疫情集群。根据这项研究，诺如病毒是匈牙利肠胃炎暴发的主要病原体。
