Kröber H-L
Institut für Forensische Psychiatrie, Charité -- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin.
Nervenarzt. 2005 Nov;76(11):1376-81. doi: 10.1007/s00115-005-1991-9.
A basic task of psychiatry is to identify and treat mentally disordered persons at risk of committing crimes. Psychiatry has an important function in preserving social peace, law, and order. How the psychiatric world handles this duty has changed with time. There have been very important changes from asylums to mental hospitals and from voluntary or involuntary inpatient treatment to outpatient care; but clinical psychiatry cannot give up forensic psychiatry. As a result of developments, inpatient care in mental hospitals often concentrates on crisis management, risk assessment, and risk management. On the other hand, forensic psychiatry has made great efforts in recent decades with special therapies for mentally disturbed criminals and collaborated closely with criminologists in developing instruments for risk assessment and prognosis of repeat offenses.
精神病学的一项基本任务是识别和治疗有犯罪风险的精神障碍患者。精神病学在维护社会和平、法律和秩序方面具有重要作用。精神病学界履行这一职责的方式随时间而变化。从精神病院到精神病医院,从自愿或非自愿住院治疗到门诊护理,都发生了非常重要的变化;但临床精神病学不能放弃法医精神病学。由于发展的结果,精神病医院的住院护理往往集中于危机管理、风险评估和风险管理。另一方面,近几十年来,法医精神病学在为精神错乱的罪犯提供特殊治疗方面付出了巨大努力,并在开发再犯风险评估和预后工具方面与犯罪学家密切合作。