刚果民主共和国金沙萨学童中的注意力缺陷多动障碍
Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder among school children in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
作者信息
Kashala E, Tylleskar T, Elgen I, Kayembe K T, Sommerfelt K
机构信息
Department of Neurology, Kinshasa University Hospital, Kinshasa, Congo.
出版信息
Afr Health Sci. 2005 Sep;5(3):172-81. doi: 10.5555/afhs.2005.5.3.172.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To estimate the prevalence and determinants of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among school children in Kinshasa, an African urban setting.
METHODS
The 18-items of the Disruptive Behaviour Disorder rating scale (DBD), which is based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for mental disorders 4(th) edition (DSM-IV), were used to investigate the presence of ADHD symptoms. Parents interviews, using a questionnaire specially designed for the study, were performed to identify socio-demographic characteristics. All children were subject to a clinical examination.
RESULTS
The estimated prevalence of DSM-IV ADHD symptoms was 6%. Those with family health problems, younger age at start of primary school, good nutritional status and poor school performance more often had DSM-IV ADHD symptoms.
CONCLUSION
ADHD symptoms are as common among school children in Kinshasa as elsewhere. The socio-demographic factors described as risk factors for ADHD in high-income countries were not identified in this study.
摘要
目的
评估非洲城市金沙萨学龄儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的患病率及其决定因素。
方法
采用基于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第4版（DSM-IV）的破坏性行为障碍评定量表（DBD）中的18个条目，来调查ADHD症状的存在情况。通过使用专门为该研究设计的问卷对家长进行访谈，以确定社会人口学特征。所有儿童均接受临床检查。
结果
DSM-IV ADHD症状的估计患病率为6%。有家庭健康问题、小学入学年龄较小、营养状况良好及学习成绩较差的儿童更常出现DSM-IV ADHD症状。
结论
金沙萨学龄儿童中ADHD症状的发生率与其他地方一样常见。本研究未发现高收入国家中被描述为ADHD危险因素的社会人口学因素。
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