van Dalen Hendrik P, Groenewold George, Fokkema Tineke
Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, PO Box 11650, NL-2502 AR The Hague, the Netherlands.
Popul Stud (Camb). 2005 Nov;59(3):375-92. doi: 10.1080/00324720500249448.
Are remittances determined by altruism or enlightened self-interest, and do they trigger additional migration? In this paper these two questions are examined empirically in relation to data from Egypt, Turkey, and Morocco for households with family members living abroad. It is shown, firstly, that one cannot argue exclusively either for altruism or self-interest as motives, since for each country the data tell a different story and both motives can be identified as driving forces behind remittance behaviour. The general conclusion of this study is that the family ties and the net earnings potential of migrants have stronger effects on the flow of remittances than the net earnings potential of the households in the country of origin. Secondly, because the receipt of remittances has a positive effect on the emigration intentions of household members still living in the country of origin, the receipt of remittances may contribute to new flows of migration, particularly in the case of Morocco.
汇款是由利他主义还是开明的利己主义决定的？汇款是否会引发更多的移民？在本文中，针对来自埃及、土耳其和摩洛哥且有家庭成员居住在国外的家庭的数据，对这两个问题进行了实证研究。首先，研究表明，不能仅将利他主义或利己主义作为动机，因为每个国家的数据呈现出不同的情况，且这两种动机都可被视为汇款行为背后的驱动力。本研究的总体结论是，移民的家庭关系和净收入潜力对汇款流动的影响，要比原籍国家庭的净收入潜力的影响更大。其次，由于收到汇款对仍居住在原籍国的家庭成员的移民意愿有积极影响，所以收到汇款可能会促使新的移民潮出现，摩洛哥的情况尤其如此。
