马拉维护士移民造成的经济损失。
The financial losses from the migration of nurses from Malawi.
作者信息
Muula Adamson S, Panulo Ben, Maseko Fresier C
机构信息
Department of Community Health, University of Malawi, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2006 Nov 2;5:9. doi: 10.1186/1472-6955-5-9.
BACKGROUND
The migration of health professionals trained in Africa to developed nations has compromised health systems in the African region. The financial losses from the investment in training due to the migration from the developing nations are hardly known.
METHODS
The cost of training a health professional was estimated by including fees for primary, secondary and tertiary education. Accepted derivation of formula as used in economic analysis was used to estimate the lost investment.
RESULTS
The total cost of training an enrolled nurse-midwife from primary school through nurse-midwifery training in Malawi was estimated as US$ 9,329.53. For a degree nurse-midwife, the total cost was US$ 31,726.26. For each enrolled nurse-midwife that migrates out of Malawi, the country loses between US$ 71,081.76 and US$ 7.5 million at bank interest rates of 7% and 25% per annum for 30 years respectively. For a degree nurse-midwife, the lost investment ranges from US$ 241,508 to US$ 25.6 million at 7% and 25% interest rate per annum for 30 years respectively.
CONCLUSION
Developing countries are losing significant amounts of money through lost investment of health care professionals who emigrate. There is need to quantify the amount of remittances that developing nations get in return from those who migrate.
背景
在非洲接受培训的卫生专业人员向发达国家迁移，损害了非洲地区的卫生系统。发展中国家因人员迁移导致培训投资的经济损失几乎无人知晓。
方法
通过纳入小学、中学和高等教育费用来估算培养一名卫生专业人员的成本。采用经济分析中常用的公式推导方法来估算损失的投资。
结果
在马拉维，从小学开始培养一名注册护士 - 助产士直至完成护士 - 助产士培训的总成本估计为9329.53美元。对于一名拥有学位的护士 - 助产士，总成本为31726.26美元。对于每一名从马拉维迁出的注册护士 - 助产士，该国分别以每年7%和25%的银行利率计算，在30年内损失71081.76美元至750万美元之间。对于一名拥有学位的护士 - 助产士，以每年7%和25%的利率计算，30年内损失的投资分别为241508美元至2560万美元之间。
结论
发展中国家因卫生保健专业人员移民导致投资损失，正在损失大量资金。有必要量化发展中国家从移民者那里获得的汇款金额。
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