Poulet J F A
Laboratory of Sensory Processing, Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Science, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland.
J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2005 Nov;191(11):979-86. doi: 10.1007/s00359-005-0027-z. Epub 2005 Nov 4.
The romantic notion of crickets singing on a warm summer's evening is quickly dispelled when one comes ear to ear with a stridulating male. Remarkably, stridulating male crickets are able to hear sounds from the environment despite generating a 100 db song (Heiligenberg 1969; Jones and Dambach 1973). This review summarises recent work examining how they achieve this feat of sensory processing. While the responsiveness of the crickets' peripheral auditory system (tympanic membrane, tympanic nerve, state of the acoustic spiracle) is maintained during sound production, central auditory neurons are inhibited by a feedforward corollary discharge signal precisely timed to coincide with the auditory neurons' maximum response to self-generated sound. In this way, the corollary discharge inhibition prevents desensitisation of the crickets' auditory pathway during sound production.
在温暖夏夜聆听蟋蟀鸣叫的浪漫想象，一旦与一只正在发出摩擦声的雄性蟋蟀近距离接触，便会迅速破灭。值得注意的是，正在发出摩擦声的雄性蟋蟀尽管会发出高达100分贝的鸣声，但仍能听到周围环境中的声音（海利根贝格，1969年；琼斯和丹巴赫，1973年）。这篇综述总结了近期关于它们如何实现这一感觉处理壮举的研究工作。虽然蟋蟀的外周听觉系统（鼓膜、鼓膜神经、气门状态）在发声过程中保持响应，但中枢听觉神经元会受到一个前馈伴随放电信号的抑制，该信号的精确时间与听觉神经元对自身发出声音的最大反应相吻合。通过这种方式，伴随放电抑制可防止蟋蟀在发声过程中听觉通路发生脱敏。
