Hägglin Catharina, Berggren Ulf, Lundgren Jesper
Unit of Dental Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg, Sweden.
Swed Dent J. 2005;29(3):113-24.
This study investigated a Swedish version of the 12 item General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). The aim was to validate the translated instrument, and to investigate factors that may influence the GOHAI score. Consecutive samples at eight dental clinics in Göteborg, Sweden were asked to answer the GOHAI, the short form of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and a questionnaire including socio-demographic, general health and oral health questions. 153 patients (50-89 yrs old) out of 237 (65%) returned the questionnaires. The most commonly reported problem (GOHAI) was 'worried or concerned' due to problems related to oral health (48%), followed by 'unhappy with the appearance of teeth, gums, or dentures' (36%) and 'teeth sensitive to hot, cold, or sweets' (33%). The Cronbach's Alpha (0.86) indicated a high degree of internal consistency and homogeneity between items. Item-scale correlations varied between 0.50 and 0.83. Strong relations were found between depressed GOHAI-scores and dental problems (mobile teeth, number of teeth, dentures). The correlation between the GOHAI score and the OHIP-14 was high (-0.83) indicating good construct validity. Also 'perceived general health' and 'satisfaction with life-situation' and dental status were significantly, but less strongly, correlated with the patient's GOHAI score. In a linear regression analysis, age,'perceived general health' and dental status (number of teeth in lower jaw and mobile teeth) were found to have a significant effect on the GOHAI score. Factor analysis of GOHAI indicated a two-factor solution and did not support the theoretical construction reported of the index. The test-re-test reliability was assessed in a separate sample (members of a physical handicap organization, n = 47) and the correlation coefficient for the GOHAI was 0.64. For individual items, the weighted kappa coefficient varied between 0.25 and 0.80. In conclusion, the Swedish version of the GOHAI showed acceptable reliability and validity.
本研究对瑞典语版的12项一般口腔健康评估指数（GOHAI）进行了调查。目的是验证翻译后的工具，并调查可能影响GOHAI评分的因素。瑞典哥德堡八家牙科诊所的连续样本被要求回答GOHAI、口腔健康影响概况简表（OHIP - 14）以及一份包括社会人口统计学、一般健康状况和口腔健康问题的问卷。237名患者中有153名（65%）年龄在50 - 89岁之间的患者返回了问卷。最常报告的问题（GOHAI）是因口腔健康问题导致的“担忧或焦虑”（48%），其次是“对牙齿、牙龈或假牙外观不满意”（36%）以及“牙齿对热、冷或甜食敏感”（33%）。克朗巴哈系数（0.86）表明各项目之间具有高度的内部一致性和同质性。项目与量表的相关性在0.50至0.83之间。GOHAI得分较低与牙齿问题（牙齿松动、牙齿数量、假牙）之间存在密切关系。GOHAI得分与OHIP - 14之间的相关性较高（-0.83），表明具有良好的结构效度。此外，“自我感知的一般健康状况”、“对生活状况的满意度”和牙齿状况与患者的GOHAI得分也存在显著但较弱的相关性。在一项线性回归分析中，发现年龄、“自我感知的一般健康状况”和牙齿状况（下颌牙齿数量和牙齿松动情况）对GOHAI得分有显著影响。对GOHAI的因子分析表明有一个双因子解决方案，并不支持该指数所报告的理论结构。在另一个单独样本（一个身体残障组织的成员，n = 47）中评估了重测信度，GOHAI的相关系数为0.64。对于单个项目，加权kappa系数在0.25至0.80之间。总之，瑞典语版的GOHAI显示出可接受的信度和效度。
