Chaparro-Avendaño Angie Virginia, Pérez-García Silvia, Valmaseda-Castellón Eduard, Berini-Aytés Leonardo, Gay-Escoda Cosme
Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2005 Nov-Dec;10(5):422-31.
An analysis is made of the incidence of complications following third molar surgical extraction in patients between 12 and 18 years of age.
A retrospective study was conducted of 390 surgical extractions of upper and lower third molars in 173 patients operated upon under locoregional anesthesia during the year 2000 in the Master in Oral Surgery and Implantology of Barcelona University Dental School (Spain). The patients were divided into three age groups (A: 12-14 years, B: 15-16 years, C: 17-18 years). The reason for extraction, the degree of dental development, and third molar position, angle and impaction were recorded. Finally, the association of these variables to the appearance of postoperative complications was analyzed.
Most patients were females (66.9%), and the age group in which most extractions were carried out (62.8%) corresponded to Group C (17-18 years). The main reason for extraction was orthodontist indication (40.5%), closely followed by prophylaxis (39.5%). The existence of clinical manifestations was an indication for extraction in 20% of cases. The postoperative complications rate after the extraction of the global 390 molars was 15.6%. In Groups A, B and C the complication risks were 17.4%, 19% and 13.7%, respectively. All complications were reversible and of short duration. One case each of inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia and lingual nerve paresthesia was recorded, which subsided after one and two months, respectively.
There were no significant differences in complications between the three age groups. An increased tendency towards complications was observed in females, and the percentage of postoperative problems increased.
分析12至18岁患者第三磨牙外科拔除术后并发症的发生率。
对2000年在西班牙巴塞罗那大学牙科学院口腔外科与种植学硕士课程中接受局部麻醉手术的173例患者的390颗上下颌第三磨牙外科拔除术进行回顾性研究。患者分为三个年龄组（A组：12 - 14岁，B组：15 - 16岁，C组：17 - 18岁）。记录拔牙原因、牙齿发育程度以及第三磨牙的位置、角度和阻生情况。最后，分析这些变量与术后并发症出现之间的关联。
大多数患者为女性（66.9%），拔牙数量最多的年龄组（62.8%）为C组（17 - 18岁）。拔牙的主要原因是正畸指征（40.5%），其次是预防性拔牙（39.5%）。20%的病例中存在临床表现是拔牙的指征。390颗磨牙拔除术后的并发症发生率为15.6%。A组、B组和C组的并发症风险分别为17.4%、19%和13.7%。所有并发症均为可逆性且持续时间短。记录到1例下牙槽神经感觉异常和1例舌神经感觉异常，分别在1个月和2个月后消退。
三个年龄组之间并发症无显著差异。观察到女性并发症有增加趋势，术后问题的百分比增加。
