Rothen H U, Lauber R, Mosimann M
Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Berne, Switzerland.
Anaesthesia. 1992 Jul;47(7):597-600. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1992.tb02333.x.
The performance of the Rapid Infusion System was evaluated in the laboratory. Using a conventional mixture of two units of packed red cells, two units of fresh frozen plasma and 500 ml crystalloid, a single line and a driving pressure of 300 mmHg, the highest flow in our study was 970 ml.min-1 (2.8 mm catheter, no stopcock). With a 1.6 mm venous cannula the measured flow was 640 ml.min-1. Additional diluting of the standard 'blood cocktail' did not add much to the performance of the system. When primed with tap water 21 degrees C (12 degrees C respectively), the fluid at the outlet of the system reached a maximum temperature of 37.8 degrees C (37.4 degrees C) after 6 min at a flow of 400 ml.min-1. At flows higher than 1150 ml.min-1 (priming with 12 degrees C tap water: 800 ml.min-1), the system slowed down to flows of 700 to 1000 ml.min-1 in order to maintain an adequate temperature. We conclude, that the Rapid Infusion System is a valuable tool for situations where a rapid but controlled replacement with warmed blood at rates up to at least 1100 ml.min-1 is needed. The use of large bore intravenous catheters and avoiding additional resistors such as standard 3-way stopcocks is highly recommended.
在实验室中对快速输注系统的性能进行了评估。使用由两单位浓缩红细胞、两单位新鲜冰冻血浆和500毫升晶体液组成的传统混合液，单管路以及300毫米汞柱的驱动压力，在我们的研究中最高流速为970毫升·分钟⁻¹（2.8毫米导管，无三通旋塞）。使用1.6毫米静脉套管时测得的流速为640毫升·分钟⁻¹。对标准“血液混合液”进行额外稀释对系统性能提升不大。当用21摄氏度（分别为12摄氏度）的自来水预充时，在流速为400毫升·分钟⁻¹的情况下，6分钟后系统出口处的液体达到最高温度37.8摄氏度（37.4摄氏度）。在流速高于1150毫升·分钟⁻¹（用12摄氏度自来水预充：800毫升·分钟⁻¹）时，系统会减速至700至1000毫升·分钟⁻¹的流速，以维持适宜的温度。我们得出结论，快速输注系统是一种有价值的工具，适用于需要以高达至少1100毫升·分钟⁻¹的速度快速但可控地输注温热血液的情况。强烈建议使用大口径静脉导管并避免使用如标准三通旋塞等额外的阻力装置。
