Sakaguchi Shigeko, Yokokawa Yoshiharu, Hou Jun, Zhang Xiu-Lan, Li Xiang-Ping, Li Shao-Sen, Li Xiao-Xian, Zhu De-Chen, Kamijima Michihiro, Yamanoshita Osamu, Nakajima Tamie
Department of Preventive Medicine, Shinshu University, School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan.
Tohoku J Exp Med. 2005 Dec;207(4):313-24. doi: 10.1620/tjem.207.313.
Esophageal cancer is the 6th most common cancer in the world, and genetic factors (p53 mutations) in addition to the environmental factors (food, nutrition, smoking, drinking, etc.) are involved in its development. In this study, the association between the both factors, environmental risk factors for esophageal cancer and p53 mutations, in tumor tissues was investigated in 77 patients living in a high-incidence area and 50 patients living in a low-incidence area in Hebei Province, China. Among these patients, p53 mutations were observed in about 50%, without regional differences in the respective frequencies. G:C>A:T (G to A or C to T) transition mutations were the major type of mutations observed in patients in the high-incidence area (19 patients, 50%), whereas G:C>A:T transitions and insertions were observed with equal frequency (8 patients, 33.3%) in the low-incidence area. As for the association with environmental factors, p53 mutations occurred with higher frequency in patients with a daily intake of spicy foods and in those who used unboiled well water in the low-incidence area. Logistic regression analysis showed no association between food intakes and p53 mutations in high- and low-incidence areas. Thus, higher frequency of spicy food intake and use of unboiled well water may be risk factors of esophageal cancer via p53 mutations in China.
食管癌是全球第六大常见癌症，除环境因素（食物、营养、吸烟、饮酒等）外，遗传因素（p53突变）也参与其发生发展。本研究对中国河北省77例高发区患者和50例低发区患者肿瘤组织中食管癌环境危险因素与p53突变这两种因素之间的关联进行了调查。在这些患者中，约50%观察到p53突变，各频率无区域差异。G:C>A:T（G到A或C到T）转换突变是高发区患者中观察到的主要突变类型（19例患者，50%），而在低发区，G:C>A:T转换和插入的观察频率相同（8例患者，33.3%）。至于与环境因素的关联，在低发区，每日摄入辛辣食物的患者和使用未煮沸井水的患者中p53突变发生频率较高。逻辑回归分析显示，高发区和低发区食物摄入与p53突变之间无关联。因此，在中国，较高频率的辛辣食物摄入和使用未煮沸井水可能通过p53突变成为食管癌的危险因素。
