Arora Nalini, Mittal Suneeta
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.
J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2005 Oct;31(4):294-6. doi: 10.1783/147118905774480626.
Induced abortion is associated with high morbidity and mortality in India. Use of regular contraception with emergency contraception (EC) as backup can reduce the incidence of induced abortion. The study aimed to assess women's knowledge, practice, preference and acceptance of different contraceptive methods with special reference to the causes of induced abortion, and their willingness to use hormonal EC.
The study comprised a structured questionnaire survey conducted in the family planning clinic of a tertiary teaching hospital in New Delhi, India. A total of 623 women and three men seeking contraceptive advice and/or termination of pregnancy were interviewed. The main outcome measures were knowledge of different contraceptive methods including EC and the reasons for unintended pregnancy.
More than 99% of the respondents knew about most of the modern methods of contraception whereas only 37 (5.9%; 95% CI 4.0-7.8) of the respondents knew about EC and none of them had ever used it. Contraceptive method failure led to unintended pregnancy in 39.1% (95% CI 33.7-44.5) of abortion seekers. Correct use of EC could have prevented nearly 65.5% (95% CI 57.0-74.0) of induced abortions due to contraceptive method failure and 25.6% (95% CI 20.7-30.5) of all induced abortions.
More efforts are required to generate awareness about the safety, efficacy and availability of EC, regular use of effective contraception and the health hazards of induced abortion.
在印度，人工流产与高发病率和死亡率相关。使用常规避孕方法并辅以紧急避孕（EC）可降低人工流产的发生率。本研究旨在评估女性对不同避孕方法的知识、实践、偏好和接受程度，特别提及人工流产的原因，以及她们使用激素紧急避孕的意愿。
该研究包括在印度新德里一家三级教学医院的计划生育诊所进行的结构化问卷调查。共采访了623名寻求避孕建议和/或终止妊娠的女性及3名男性。主要观察指标是对包括紧急避孕在内的不同避孕方法的了解以及意外怀孕的原因。
超过99%的受访者了解大多数现代避孕方法，而只有37名（5.9%；95%可信区间4.0 - 7.8）受访者了解紧急避孕，且无人使用过。避孕方法失败导致39.1%（95%可信区间33.7 - 44.5）的堕胎者意外怀孕。正确使用紧急避孕可预防因避孕方法失败导致的近65.5%（95%可信区间57.0 - 74.0）的人工流产以及所有人工流产的25.6%（95%可信区间20.7 - 30.5）。
需要做出更多努力，以提高对紧急避孕的安全性、有效性和可及性、常规使用有效避孕方法以及人工流产健康危害的认识。
