Close Jacqueline C T
Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Australia.
Disabil Rehabil. 2005;27(18-19):1061-71. doi: 10.1080/09638280500056469.
In recent years the evidence base for prevention of falls in older people has increased and associated with this has been an inevitable expansion in clinical services which attempt to localize and implement what is described in the literature. This article reviews the basic physiology implicit in maintenance of the upright posture; highlights the diversity of medical and non-medical risk factors associated with falls; describes the clinical assessment of an older person at risk of falls; reviews the evidence for intervention in the prevention of falls in older people; and acknowledges the need for a clear strategic direction to successfully prevent falls and the requirement for ongoing research as well as much needed service evaluation.
近年来，老年人跌倒预防的证据基础有所增加，与此相关的是，临床服务不可避免地得到了扩展，这些服务试图将文献中描述的内容进行本地化并加以实施。本文回顾了维持直立姿势所隐含的基本生理学知识；强调了与跌倒相关的医学和非医学风险因素的多样性；描述了对有跌倒风险的老年人的临床评估；回顾了预防老年人跌倒干预措施的证据；并认识到需要明确的战略方向以成功预防跌倒，以及持续研究和急需的服务评估的必要性。
