van der Kolk Bessel A, Roth Susan, Pelcovitz David, Sunday Susanne, Spinazzola Joseph
The Trauma Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2005 Oct;18(5):389-99. doi: 10.1002/jts.20047.
Children and adults exposed to chronic interpersonal trauma consistently demonstrate psychological disturbances that are not captured in the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. The DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) Field Trial studied 400 treatment-seeking traumatized individuals and 128 community residents and found that victims of prolonged interpersonal trauma, particularly trauma early in the life cycle, had a high incidence of problems with (a) regulation of affect and impulses, (b) memory and attention, (c) self-perception, (d) interpersonal relations, (e) somatization, and (f) systems of meaning. This raises important issues about the categorical versus the dimensional nature of posttraumatic stress, as well as the issue of comorbidity in PTSD. These data invite further exploration of what constitutes effective treatment of the full spectrum of posttraumatic psychopathology.
长期遭受人际创伤的儿童和成人始终表现出一些心理障碍，这些障碍在创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的诊断中并未涵盖。《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第四版》（美国精神病学协会，1994年）的现场试验研究了400名寻求治疗的受创伤个体和128名社区居民，发现长期人际创伤的受害者，尤其是生命周期早期遭受创伤的受害者，在以下方面存在高发生率的问题：（a）情感和冲动调节；（b）记忆和注意力；（c）自我认知；（d）人际关系；（e）躯体化；以及（f）意义系统。这引发了关于创伤后应激的分类性质与维度性质的重要问题，以及PTSD中共病的问题。这些数据促使人们进一步探索如何有效治疗创伤后心理病理学的全谱。
