Thomsen Per Hove
Arhus Universitetshospital, Børne- og Ungdomspsykiatrisk Hospital, Risskov.
Ugeskr Laeger. 2005 Nov 14;167(46):4345-7.
OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder) is characterised by the presence of annoying, unwelcome and intrusive obsessions and compulsions. The obsessions appear over and over and the child recognize them as something strange and unwelcome, but at the same time they are clearly a product of his/her own mind and not a hallucination or a thought disorder as seen in psychotic disturbances. Compulsions are imposed actions that the child feels it has to perform, often in a certain pattern. Both children and adults can suffer from OCD. Almost 2/3 of adults with OCD report onset of their OCD symptoms in childhood or early adolescence. Previously, OCD among children and adolescents was considered to be rare, but newer epidemiologic surveys show that 1-1% of children and adolescents suffer from OCD in such a degree that they fulfil the diagnostic criteria. The prevalence varies surprisingly little in various countries regardless of cultural background.
强迫症（OCD）的特征是存在令人烦恼、不受欢迎且侵入性的强迫观念和强迫行为。强迫观念反复出现，孩子意识到它们是奇怪且不受欢迎的东西，但同时它们显然是其自身思维的产物，而非精神病性障碍中所见的幻觉或思维障碍。强迫行为是孩子觉得必须进行的强制行为，通常具有特定模式。儿童和成人都可能患强迫症。几乎三分之二的成年强迫症患者报告其强迫症症状始于童年或青春期早期。以前，儿童和青少年中的强迫症被认为很罕见，但最新的流行病学调查显示，1% - 2%的儿童和青少年患有达到诊断标准程度的强迫症。无论文化背景如何，各国的患病率差异惊人地小。
