Strand P, Selnaes T D, Reitan J B
National Institute of Radiation Hygiene, Osterås, Norway.
Health Phys. 1992 Jun;62(6):512-8. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199206000-00003.
Population doses from external radiation and internal food-based radioactivity were calculated each month for each municipality for 3 y immediately following the Chernobyl contamination in Norway. The main polluted regions are sparsely populated but comprise important food production areas. The external dose data base was calculated based on fallout deposition and measurements in dwellings, whereas the totally independent internal dose data base was calculated on a large number of food measurements and knowledge of both the food distribution system and the countermeasures taken. The internal dose in the densely populated municipalities was comparably higher than expected from local deposition, despite the fact that countermeasures had some effect. Thus, the correlation between internal and external dose for individual municipalities is rather weak. This study shows that a traditional deposition/transfer factor approach may be inappropriate if used in countries with large variation in population density and agricultural ecosystems and in combination with effective countermeasures.
在挪威遭受切尔诺贝利污染后的3年里，每月都为每个自治市计算来自外部辐射和基于食物的内部放射性的人口剂量。主要污染地区人口稀少，但包括重要的粮食产区。外部剂量数据库是根据沉降物沉积和住宅测量数据计算得出的，而完全独立的内部剂量数据库则是根据大量食品测量数据以及对食品分配系统和所采取的应对措施的了解计算得出的。尽管采取了应对措施有一定效果，但人口密集的自治市的内部剂量比根据当地沉降情况预期的要高得多。因此，各个自治市内部剂量与外部剂量之间的相关性相当弱。这项研究表明，如果在人口密度和农业生态系统差异很大且采取了有效应对措施的国家使用传统的沉降/转移因子方法，可能并不合适。
