Buchanan Tony W, Tranel Daniel, Adolphs Ralph
Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Brain. 2006 Jan;129(Pt 1):115-27. doi: 10.1093/brain/awh672. Epub 2005 Nov 16.
Abnormalities of both memory and emotion have been reported in patients with unilateral damage to the anteromedial temporal lobe, probably reflecting the functions of the amygdala and hippocampus in these processes. Emotion and memory are also known to interact: emotional experiences often leave remarkably durable autobiographical memories. To explore this interaction, and to extend prior studies to the domain of autobiographical memory, we investigated the recollection of real-life emotional events in patients with unilateral damage to the anteromedial temporal lobe. Twenty-three patients who had undergone unilateral temporal lobectomy for the treatment of epilepsy (12 left, 11 right) and 20 healthy comparison participants completed an emotional autobiographical memory test. Participants were asked to recollect their five most emotional memories from any time in their lives and then they completed a word-cued autobiographical memory task. Participants dated each memory and gave ratings on scales of pleasantness, intensity, significance, novelty, vividness and frequency of rehearsal. Left temporal lobectomy (LTL) and healthy comparison groups generated similar numbers of pleasant and unpleasant memories, whereas the right temporal lobectomy (RTL) group produced significantly fewer memories of unpleasant events (P < 0.01). When memories were further categorized according to pleasantness and intensity, the RTL group produced significantly fewer unpleasant/high intensity memories than the other groups (P < 0.01). All groups reported more memories from between the ages of 10 and 30 (the so-called autobiographical memory 'bump'). The results demonstrate a positive bias in the recollection of autobiographical memory following right-sided anteromedial temporal damage. This finding is consistent with the notion that the right, but not the left, anteromedial temporal lobe is involved in the retrieval of negatively valenced, high-intensity memories.
据报道，前内侧颞叶单侧受损的患者存在记忆和情绪异常，这可能反映了杏仁核和海马体在这些过程中的功能。情绪和记忆之间也存在相互作用：情绪体验往往会留下非常持久的自传体记忆。为了探究这种相互作用，并将先前的研究扩展到自传体记忆领域，我们调查了前内侧颞叶单侧受损患者对现实生活中情绪事件的回忆。23名因癫痫接受单侧颞叶切除术的患者（12名左侧，11名右侧）和20名健康对照参与者完成了一项情绪自传体记忆测试。参与者被要求回忆他们一生中任何时候最情绪化的五个记忆，然后完成一项单词提示自传体记忆任务。参与者为每个记忆标注日期，并在愉悦度、强度、重要性、新颖性、生动性和复述频率等量表上进行评分。左侧颞叶切除术（LTL）组和健康对照组产生的愉快和不愉快记忆数量相似，而右侧颞叶切除术（RTL）组产生的不愉快事件记忆明显较少（P < 0.01）。当根据愉悦度和强度对记忆进行进一步分类时，RTL组产生的不愉快/高强度记忆明显少于其他组（P < 0.01）。所有组报告的记忆大多来自10岁至30岁之间（即所谓的自传体记忆“隆起”）。结果表明，右侧前内侧颞叶损伤后自传体记忆的回忆存在积极偏差。这一发现与以下观点一致，即右侧而非左侧前内侧颞叶参与了负性价、高强度记忆的提取。
