Bastin Christine, Van der Linden Martial
Cognitive Psychopathology Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Exp Aging Res. 2006 Jan-Mar;32(1):61-77. doi: 10.1080/03610730500326291.
The present study examined how aging influences item and associative recognition memory, and compared memory for two types of associations: associations between the same kinds of information and associations between different kinds of information. A group of young adults and a group of older adults performed a forced-choice face recognition task and two multitrial forced-choice associative recognition tasks, assessing memory for face-face and face-spatial location associations. The results showed disproportionate age-related decline of associative recognition compared to intact item recognition. Moreover, aging affected both types of associative tasks in the same way. The findings support an associative deficit hypothesis (Naveh-Benjamin, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 26, 1170-1187, 2000), which attributes a substantial part of the age effect on episodic memory tasks to difficulty with binding individual components into a cohesive memory trace. This associative deficit seems to affect same-information associations, as well as different-information associations.
本研究考察了衰老如何影响项目和联想识别记忆，并比较了对两种联想类型的记忆：同类信息之间的联想和不同类信息之间的联想。一组年轻人和一组老年人进行了强制选择面部识别任务以及两项多轮强制选择联想识别任务，以评估对面部-面部和面部-空间位置联想的记忆。结果显示，与完整的项目识别相比，联想识别的年龄相关衰退不成比例。此外，衰老以相同的方式影响这两种联想任务。这些发现支持了联想缺陷假说（纳韦-本杰明，《实验心理学杂志：学习、记忆与认知》，第26卷，第1170 - 1187页，2000年），该假说将情景记忆任务中年龄效应的很大一部分归因于将各个成分整合为连贯记忆痕迹的困难。这种联想缺陷似乎既影响同类信息联想，也影响不同类信息联想。
