Franco Anna Virginia M
Department of Urogynaecology and Pelvic Reconstruction, 4th Floor Lanesborough Wing, St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 0QT, UK.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2005 Dec;19(6):861-73. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2005.08.003. Epub 2005 Nov 17.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in women, and one in four of these women will develop a recurrence. Various risk factors predispose women of different age groups to recurrence. These factors include sexual intercourse, use of contraception, antimicrobials, oestrogen, genetics, and the distance of the urethra from the anus. Of the different pathogens, Escherichia coli is the organism most commonly isolated. A variety of treatment options has been proposed, including long-term or post-intercourse prophylaxis and patient-initiated therapy. Oestrogen and cranberry juice have also been used as prophylactic treatment adjuncts. At present, other therapeutic and preventive modalities are being investigated, including the development of vaccines to treat those most severely affected.
尿路感染（UTI）是女性中最常见的细菌感染之一，其中四分之一的女性会复发。各种风险因素使不同年龄组的女性易复发。这些因素包括性交、避孕措施的使用、抗菌药物、雌激素、遗传因素以及尿道与肛门的距离。在不同的病原体中，大肠杆菌是最常分离出的微生物。已经提出了多种治疗选择，包括长期或性交后预防以及患者自主治疗。雌激素和蔓越莓汁也被用作预防性治疗辅助手段。目前，正在研究其他治疗和预防方法，包括开发疫苗来治疗受影响最严重的人群。
