体力活动对中年认知功能的影响：来自白厅II前瞻性队列研究的证据。
Effects of physical activity on cognitive functioning in middle age: evidence from the Whitehall II prospective cohort study.
作者信息
Singh-Manoux Archana, Hillsdon Melvyn, Brunner Eric, Marmot Michael
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, England.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2005 Dec;95(12):2252-8. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.055574.
OBJECTIVES
We examined the association between physical activity and cognitive functioning in middle age.
METHODS
Data were derived from a prospective occupational cohort study of 10308 civil servants aged 35-55 years at baseline (phase 1; 1985-1988). Physical activity level, categorized as low, medium, or high, was assessed at phases 1, 3 (1991-1994), and 5 (1997-1999). Cognitive functioning was tested at phase 5, when respondents were 46-68 years old.
RESULTS
In both prospective (odds ratio [OR] = 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.30, 2.10) and cross-sectional (OR=1.79; 95% CI=1.38, 2.32) analyses, low levels of physical activity were a risk factor for poor performance on a measure of fluid intelligence. Analyses aimed at assessing cumulative effects (summary of physical activity levels at the 3 time points) showed a graded linear relationship with fluid intelligence, with persistently low levels of physical activity being particularly harmful (OR=2.21; 95% CI=1.37, 3.57).
CONCLUSIONS
Low levels of physical activity are a risk factor for cognitive functioning in middle age, fluid intelligence in particular.
目的
我们研究了中年时期身体活动与认知功能之间的关联。
方法
数据来源于一项对10308名年龄在35 - 55岁之间的公务员进行的前瞻性职业队列研究（第一阶段；1985 - 1988年）。在第1、3阶段（1991 - 1994年）和第5阶段（1997 - 1999年）评估身体活动水平，分为低、中、高三个类别。在第5阶段对认知功能进行测试，此时受访者年龄为46 - 68岁。
结果
在前瞻性分析（优势比[OR]=1.65；95%置信区间[CI]=1.30, 2.10）和横断面分析（OR=1.79；95% CI=1.38, 2.32）中，低水平的身体活动都是流体智力测试表现不佳的一个风险因素。旨在评估累积效应（三个时间点身体活动水平的汇总）的分析显示，与流体智力呈分级线性关系，持续低水平的身体活动尤其有害（OR=2.21；95% CI=1.37, 3.57）。
结论
低水平的身体活动是中年时期认知功能的一个风险因素，尤其是流体智力方面。
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