Agha Farida, Sadaruddin Agha, Khatoon Naz
Pakistan Medical Research Council, Central Research Centre, National Institute of Health, Islamabad.
J Pak Med Assoc. 2005 Oct;55(10):410-3.
To determine the blood lead levels and trace elements (copper and manganese) in traffic police constables in Islamabad in order to assess the effects of environmental pollution on the levels of metals in body fluids.
Blood samples were collected from 47 male traffic police constables, 21 to 45 years of age, posted in different areas of Islamabad and controlling traffic from 3 months to 18 years, 8 hours/day, 6 days/week. Adolescent males (13-19 years), residing in comparatively clean and very low traffic areas were included as controls. Blood lead, copper, and manganese concentrations were estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
The mean blood lead level among constables (27.27 microg/dl) was significantly (p<0.0001) high as compared to controls (3.22 microg/dl). Twenty one percent constables had elevated blood lead levels (over 25 microg/dl) and 13% had levels above the safety limit (40 microg/dl). No correlation was found between blood lead levels and length of service. No significant difference was found in the mean values for copper between traffic constables (93.49 microg/dl) and controls (71.15 microg/dl). The mean blood manganese levels in traffic constables (21.94 microg/dl) were significantly (p<0.0001) higher than in controls (1.70 microg/dl). The mean blood lead levels were significantly high in traffic constables of Karachi (47.7 microg/dl) as compared to Islamabad (27.2 microg/dl), which shows direct relation of rise in blood lead levels with vehicle exhaust.
Environmental lead pollution is associated with an increased blood lead concentration in those who are regularly exposed to vehicle exhaust in high traffic areas. The degree of lead pollution arising from vehicle exhaust differs in Karachi and Islamabad. Exposure to air containing dust particles rich in manganese may affect blood manganese levels.
测定伊斯兰堡交警的血铅水平及微量元素（铜和锰），以评估环境污染对体液中金属含量的影响。
采集了47名年龄在21至45岁之间、派驻在伊斯兰堡不同区域、指挥交通3个月至18年、每天工作8小时、每周工作6天的男性交警的血样。居住在相对清洁且交通流量极低区域的青少年男性（13 - 19岁）作为对照。采用原子吸收分光光度法测定血铅、铜和锰的浓度。
与对照组（3.22微克/分升）相比，交警的平均血铅水平（27.27微克/分升）显著较高（p<0.0001）。21%的交警血铅水平升高（超过25微克/分升），13%的交警血铅水平高于安全限值（40微克/分升）。未发现血铅水平与工作年限之间存在相关性。交警（93.49微克/分升）和对照组（71.15微克/分升）的铜平均值无显著差异。交警的平均血锰水平（21.94微克/分升）显著高于对照组（1.70微克/分升）（p<0.0001）。与伊斯兰堡（27.2微克/分升）相比，卡拉奇交警的平均血铅水平显著较高（47.7微克/分升），这表明血铅水平的升高与汽车尾气直接相关。
环境铅污染与在高交通流量区域经常接触汽车尾气人群的血铅浓度升高有关。汽车尾气产生的铅污染程度在卡拉奇和伊斯兰堡有所不同。接触富含锰的尘埃颗粒的空气可能会影响血锰水平。
