McDevitt Hugh O
Department of Medicine, and Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 299 Campus Dr., D345, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Diabetes. 2005 Dec;54 Suppl 2:S4-10. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.54.suppl_2.s4.
This presentation is an overview of mechanisms for developing and maintaining self-tolerance in mammalian organisms. Because this meeting is focused on type 1 diabetes and its mechanisms, the discussion deals primarily with mechanisms of T-cell tolerance, since type 1 diabetes in both effector and initiator phases is primarily a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Emphasis is placed on more recently discovered mechanisms of maintaining self-tolerance (autoimmune regulator [AIRE]) and a new defect in T-cell negative selection. The emerging picture is that of a polygenic disease with various combinations of different alleles of many genes with important roles in the normal immune response or normal immune responses.
本报告概述了哺乳动物机体中建立和维持自身耐受性的机制。由于本次会议聚焦于1型糖尿病及其发病机制，讨论主要围绕T细胞耐受性机制展开，因为1型糖尿病在效应期和起始期主要是一种T细胞介导的自身免疫性疾病。重点介绍了最近发现的维持自身耐受性的机制（自身免疫调节因子[AIRE]）以及T细胞阴性选择中的一个新缺陷。目前呈现出的是一种多基因疾病，由许多在正常免疫反应中起重要作用的基因的不同等位基因的各种组合导致。
