Illés M, Szontágh L, Gál G
Vértranszfúziós Allomás, Szent-Györgyi Albert OTE, Szeged.
Orv Hetil. 1992 Jul 5;133 Suppl 1:27-30.
Serum samples from 155 patients on haemodialysis were examined for markers of hepatitis B and C. Abbott and Ortho Elisa tests were used for the determinations. ALT levels were analysed at the same time. Of the 345 random blood donors and 366 prisoners examined, 1.44% proved to be anti-HCV antibody positive. 13 medical staff workers of 147 were found to be positive for anti-HCV antibody (19.1%). In patients on chronic haemodialysis 41.29% anti-HCV antibody prevalence was found. The prevalence of anti-HBc and anti-HCV antibodies in correlation with the number of transfusions was examined as well, in serums of chronic uraemic patients. Anti-HBc antibody prevalence was significantly higher in the polytransfused group (p less than 0.01), compared to the group without transfusion. There were no correlation between the number of transfusions and anti-HCV antibody occurrence. ALT values were in correlation with HBV and HCV seropositives. Elevated ALT levels were found in patients with HBV and/or HCV infection. In conclusion, screening for HBV and HCV markers among patients receiving blood, blood donors and medical staff workers seems to be necessary in the future. The results suggest the determination of anti-HBc to be an early and common marker of hepatitis B and C and the frequent occurrence of nosocomial transmission and the importance of prevention at high risk patients.
对155例血液透析患者的血清样本进行了乙型和丙型肝炎标志物检测。采用雅培和奥索酶联免疫吸附试验进行测定。同时分析了谷丙转氨酶（ALT）水平。在345名随机献血者和366名受检囚犯中，1.44%的人抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）抗体呈阳性。在147名医护人员中，有13人抗HCV抗体呈阳性（19.1%）。在慢性血液透析患者中，抗HCV抗体患病率为41.29%。还对慢性尿毒症患者血清中抗乙肝核心抗体（anti-HBc）和抗HCV抗体的患病率与输血次数的相关性进行了研究。多次输血组的抗HBc抗体患病率显著高于未输血组（p<0.01）。输血次数与抗HCV抗体的出现之间没有相关性。ALT值与乙肝病毒（HBV）和丙肝病毒血清阳性相关。在HBV和/或HCV感染患者中发现ALT水平升高。总之，未来对接受输血者、献血者和医护人员进行HBV和HCV标志物筛查似乎很有必要。结果表明，抗HBc的测定是乙型和丙型肝炎的早期常见标志物，医院内传播频繁发生，对高危患者进行预防很重要。
